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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34207
Untersuchung zur Komorbidität bei Narkolepsiepatienten[1]
Comorbidity in narcoleptic patientsPublication History
eingereicht: 11.3.2002
akzeptiert: 19.8.2002
Publication Date:
19 September 2002 (online)

Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Narkolepsie ist eine seltene Erkrankung, die bei 90 % der Betroffenen undiagnostiziert bleibt. In der internationalen Literatur fanden komorbide Störungen in Bezug auf die Pathogenese wenig Beachtung.
Patienten und Methodik: Als Pilotstudie für die Entwicklung eines deutschen Narkolepsieregisters wurden Daten von 106 Narkolepsiepatienten (60 Männer, 46 Frauen, Alter 8-83 Jahre, im Mittel 45,1 Jahre) retrospektiv analysiert und hinsichtlich komorbider Erkrankungen untersucht.
Ergebnisse: Parasomnien wie Schlafwandeln und Alpträume traten etwa 6 mal häufiger auf als in der Bevölkerung. Die Verhaltensstörung im REM-Schlaf waren extrem häufig, so dass die auf HLA-Befunden basierende Annahme eines gemeinsamen Pathomechanismus gestützt wird. Obstruktive Schlafapnoe und periodische Bewegungen im Schlaf (PLMD - Periodic limb movement disorder) traten sehr viel seltener auf als in der Literatur angegeben, während die Ergebnisse für Adipositas, Kopfschmerz und Depression den bisher vorliegenden Ergebnissen entsprechen.
Folgerung: Beim Auftreten der Beschwerden und Symptome komorbider Erkrankungen sollte immer auch nach den Kernsymptomen der Narkolepsie gefragt werden, nämlich nach vermehrter Tagesschläfrigkeit, Schlafzwang und nach den Kataplexien.
Background and objective: Narcolepsy is a rare disease which remains undiagnosed in 90 %. The international literature so far has paid little attention to comorbid disorders.
Patients and methods: In preparation for a German Narcolepsy Register this pilot study evaluated data from hospital records of 106 narcolepsy patients (60 men, 46 women, 8-83 years, mean 45.1 years) retrospectively emphasising comorbid diseases.
Results: The parasomnias sleepwalking and nightmares were 6 times as frequent as in the general population. With respect to the HLA findings the extremely high frequency of REM behavior disorder contributes to the assumption of a common pathomechanism. Obstructive sleep apnea and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) occured much less than described in literature, while the results on obesity, headache and depression are in line with published findings.
Conclusion: Diagnosis of one of these comorbid disorders should always be followed by thorough investigation for symptoms of narcolepsy i. e. excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep attacks and cataplexy.
1 Ein vollständig anderer Aspekt dieser Untersuchung wurde als Publikation in der Somnologie 6/ 2002: 13-18 unter dem Titel „The implications of gender and age at onset of first symptoms in narcoleptic patients in Germany - results from retrospective evaluation of hospital reports” publiziert.
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1 Ein vollständig anderer Aspekt dieser Untersuchung wurde als Publikation in der Somnologie 6/ 2002: 13-18 unter dem Titel „The implications of gender and age at onset of first symptoms in narcoleptic patients in Germany - results from retrospective evaluation of hospital reports” publiziert.
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Geert Mayer
Hephata Klinik
Schimmelpfengstraße
2
34613 Schwalmstadt-Treysa
Phone: 06691/182002
Fax: 06691/182040
Email: geert.mayer@hephata.com