Synthesis 2020; 52(17): 2483-2496
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707185
short review
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Catch It If You Can: Copper-Catalyzed (Transfer) Hydrogenation Reactions and Coupling Reactions by Intercepting Reactive Intermediates Thereof

Lea T. Brechmann
,
Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 115, 10623 Berlin, Germany   eMail: johannes.teichert@chem.tu-berlin.de
› Institutsangaben
This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (German Research Council) (Emmy Noether Fellowship for J.F.T., TE1101/2-1) and by the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (Liebig-Stipendium­ for J.F.T.).
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Publikationsverlauf

Received: 21. Mai 2020

Accepted after revision: 18. Juni 2020

Publikationsdatum:
13. Juli 2020 (online)


Abstract

The key reactive intermediate of copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne semihydrogenations is a vinylcopper(I) complex. This intermediate can be exploited as a starting point for a variety of trapping reactions. In this manner, an alkyne semihydrogenation can be turned into a dihydrogen­-mediated coupling reaction. Therefore, the development of copper-catalyzed (transfer) hydrogenation reactions is closely intertwined with the corresponding reductive trapping reactions. This short review highlights and conceptualizes the results in this area so far, with H2-mediated carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bond-forming reactions emerging under both a transfer hydrogenation setting as well as with the direct use of H2. In all cases, highly selective catalysts are required that give rise to atom-economic multicomponent coupling reactions with rapidly rising molecular complexity. The coupling reactions are put into perspective by presenting the corresponding (transfer) hydrogenation processes first.

1 Introduction: H2-Mediated C–C Bond-Forming Reactions

2 Accessing Copper(I) Hydride Complexes as Key Reagents for Coupling Reactions; Requirements for Successful Trapping Reactions

3 Homogeneous Copper-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenations

4 Trapping of Reactive Intermediates of Alkyne Transfer Semi­hydrogenation Reactions: First Steps Towards Hydrogenative Alkyne Functionalizations

5 Copper(I)-Catalyzed Alkyne Semihydrogenations

6 Copper(I)-Catalyzed H2-Mediated Alkyne Functionalizations; Trapping of Reactive Intermediates from Catalytic Hydrogenations

6.1 A Detour: Copper(I)-Catalyzed Allylic Reductions, Catalytic Generation of Hydride Nucleophiles from H2

6.2 Trapping with Allylic Electrophiles: A Copper(I)-Catalyzed Hydro­allylation Reaction of Alkynes

6.3 Trapping with Aryl Iodides

7 Conclusion

 
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