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J Pediatr Intensive Care 2024; 13(01): 018-024
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736146
Original Article

Nutritional Intake in Children with Septic Shock: A Retrospective Single-Center Study

Angela H. P. Kirk 
1   Division of Nursing, Children's Intensive Care Unit, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
,
Chengsi Ong
2   Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
,
Judith J.-M. Wong
3   Division of Medicine, Children's Intensive Care Unit, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
4   Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
,
Sin Wee Loh
3   Division of Medicine, Children's Intensive Care Unit, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
,
Yee Hui Mok
3   Division of Medicine, Children's Intensive Care Unit, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
,
Jan Hau Lee
3   Division of Medicine, Children's Intensive Care Unit, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
4   Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract

Nutritional practice in children with severe sepsis or septic shock remains poorly described. We aimed to describe nutrition received by children with severe sepsis or septic shock and explore the association of nutritional intake with clinical outcomes. This study was a retrospective study of children who required pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission from 2009 to 2016. Outcomes were mortality, ventilator-free days (VFDs), and PICU-free days (IFDs). A total of 74 patients with septic shock or severe sepsis were identified. Forty-one (55.4%) patients received enteral nutrition (EN) only, 6 (8.1%) patients received parental nutrition (PN) only, 15 (20.3%) patients received both EN and PN, and 12 (16.2%) patients received intravenous fluids alone. Eight of 74 (10.8%) and 4 of 74 (5.4%) had adequate energy and protein intake, respectively. Patients who received early EN had lower odds of 28-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02, 0.45, p = 0.03) more 28-day VFDs (adjusted β-coefficient = 18.21 [95% CI: 11.11, 25.32], p < 0.001), and IFDs (adjusted ß-coefficient = 16.71 [95% CI: 9.86, 23.56], p < 0.001) than patients who did not receive EN. Late EN was also associated with lower odds of mortality, more VFDs, and IFDs compared with no EN (HR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.23; p < 0.001; adjusted β coefficient = 15.66, 95% CI: 9.31, 22.02; p < 0.001; and 12.34 [95% CI: 6.22, 18.46], p < 0.001; respectively). Inadequate calories and protein were not associated with mortality. EN in children with septic shock or severe sepsis was associated with improved clinical outcomes. Future prospective studies are required to explore the impact of EN timing and optimal nutritional intake in these children.

Keywords

enteral nutrition - septic shock - pediatric intensive care unit - critically ill children

Note

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of SingHealth with a waiver of informed consent due to the retrospective nature of the study. The data used and analyzed for this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.




Publication History

Received: 14 June 2021

Accepted: 13 August 2021

Article published online:
21 September 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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