Thromb Haemost 1968; 20(01/02): 190-201
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1651259
Originalarbeiten – Original Articles – Travaux Originaux
Schattauer GmbH

The Effects of Infusing Thrombin and Its Acetylated Derivative

I. Studies of Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
L Pechet M. D.*
1   Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
A. M Engel Ph. D.**
1   Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
C Goldstein M. D.***
1   Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
B Glaser A. B.
1   Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
› Author Affiliations
Supported by research grants HE-00656, HE-06316, and training grant 2 T1 HE-5235, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service.
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
27 June 2018 (online)

Summary and Conclusions

Dogs and rabbits were infused with acetylated thrombin (thrombin E) and clotting thrombin (thrombin C). Similar effects were noted in both animal series. Very large amounts of thrombin E could be tolerated, but resulted in defibrination. Following a transient hypercoagulable state, the blood became unclottable. The platelets and factors I, V, and VIII were markedly decreased. Factor II was moderately affected and factor VII-X showed no significant changes in most experiments. The presence of fibrinogen degradation products was indicated by a delay in the polymerization of fibrin monomers.

Based on the shortening of the euglobulin lysis time, a decrease in the proactivator, and the appearance of inhibitors of fibrin monomer polymerization, it is concluded that transient fibrinolysis is induced by the infusion of thrombin. Its immediate mechanism could not be determined.

* Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of Colorado Medical Center, Denver, Colorado 80220.


** The New York Blood Center, New York, New York 10021.


*** Centro Medico, Caracas, Venezuela.


 
  • References

  • 1 Ronwin E. The active center of thrombin and trypsin. Biochim. biophys. Acta (Amst.) 1959; 33: 326
  • 2 Laki K, Gladner J, Folk J, Komins D. The mode of action of thrombin. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.) 1958; 2: 3
  • 3 Sherry S, Alkjaersig N, Fletcher A.P. Comparative activity of thrombin on substituted arginine and lysine esters. Amer. J. Physiol 1965; 209: 577
  • 4 Pechet L, Alexander B. The effect of some proteolytic enzymes on the thrombin-fibrinogen interaction. Biochemistry 1962; 2: 875
  • 5 Engel A, Alexander B, Pechet L. Activation of trypsinogen and plasminogen by thrombin preparations. Biochemistry 1966; 5: 1543
  • 6 Engel A, Alexander B. Activation of chymotrypsinogen-A by thrombin preparations. Biochemistry 1966; 5: 3590
  • 7 Alkjaersig N, Fletcher A, Sherry S. E-Amino caproic acid: an inhibitor of plasminogen activation. J. biol. Chem 1959; 234: 832
  • 8 Guest M.M, Ware A.G. Fibrinolytic activity of purified thrombin. Science 1950; 112: 21
  • 9 Seegers W. Fibrinolytic properties of thrombin. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.) 1961; 1: 101 6, Suppl.
  • 10 DeVreker B.A, Vermylen C, Verstraete M. Purification of thrombin for use as a fibrinolytically inert reagent. Proptides Biol. Fluids, Proc. Colloq 1962; 10: 343
  • 11 Brakman P, Klug P, Astrup T. Fibrinolytic activity of thrombin preparations. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.) 1964; 11: 234
  • 12 Pantlitshko M, Gründig E. Die proteolytische Wirkung des Thrombins. Mh. Chem 1957; 88: 253
  • 13 Magnusson S. Preparation of highly purified bovine thrombin and determination of its N-terminal amino acid residues. Arkiv. for Kemi 1965; 24: 349
  • 14 Lorand L, Konishi K, Jacobsen A. Transpeptidation mechanism in blood clotting. Nature (Lond.) 1962; 194: 1148
  • 15 Barnhart M.I, Forman W.B. The cellular localization of fibrinogen as revealed by the fluorescent antibody technique. Vox Sang 1963; 8: 461
  • 16 Landaburu R.H, Seegers W.H. The acetylation of thrombin. Canad. J. Biochem 1959; 37: 1361
  • 17 Goldstein R, LeBolloc’h A, Alexander B, Zonderman E. Preparation and properties of prothrombin. J. biol. Chem 1959; 234: 2857
  • 18 Seegers W.H, McClaughry R, Fahey J. Some properties of purified prothrombin and its activation with sodium citrate. Blood 1950; 5: 421
  • 19 Bennett J.M, Yu D, Suyemoto J, Pechet L. The effects of infusing thrombin and its acetylated derivative. II. Observations on intravascular hemolysis with pathologic correlations. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.).(In press.).
  • 20 Norman P. Studies of plasmin system, I. Measurement of human and animal plasminogen. Measurement of an activator in human serum. J. exp. Med 1957; 106: 423
  • 21 Pechet L. One-stage specific determination of Factor II (Prothrombin). In: Blood Coagulation. Hemorrhage and Thrombosis Tocantins L. M, Kazal L. A. Grune and Stratton; New York London: 1964: 144-147
  • 22 Ratnoff O.B, Menzie C. A new method for the determination of fibrinogen in small samples of plasma. J. Lab. clin. Med 1951; 37: 316
  • 23 Goodwin Y.F. Estimation of plasma fibrinogen. Amer. J. clin. Path 1961; 35: 227
  • 24 Owren P.A. Prothrombin and accessory factors : Clinical significance. Amer. J. Med 1953; 14: 201
  • 25 Pechet L. Determination of factor VII (Proconvertin). In: Blood. Hemorrhage and Thrombosis Tocantins L. M, Kazal L. A. Grane and Stratton; New York-London: 1964: 213-218
  • 26 Hardisty R.M, MacPherson J.C. A one stage factor VIII (AHG) assay and its use on venous and capillary plasma. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.) 1962; 7: 215
  • 27 Seegers W.H, Smith H.P. Factors which influence the activity of purified thrombin. Amer. J. Physiol 1942; 137: 348
  • 28 Brecher G, Cronkite E.P. Morphology and enumeration of human blood platelets. J. appl. Physiol 1950; 3: 365
  • 29 Blix S. The proactivator of the fibrinolytic system and human plasma. The quantitative determination and its clinical application. Acta med. scand 1962; 171: 83
  • 30 Astrup T, Mullertz S. Fibrin plate method for estimating fibrinolytic activity. Arch. Biochem 1952; 40: 346
  • 31 Lassen M. Heat denaturation of plasminogen in fibrin plate method. Acta physiol. scand 1952; 27: 371
  • 32 von Kaulla K.N, Schultz R.L. Methods for evaluation of human fibrinolysis. Amer. J. clin. Path 1958; 29: 104
  • 33 Donnelly T.H, Laskowski Jr. M, Notley N, Scheraga H.A. Equilibria in the fibrinogenfibrin conversion, II. Reversibility of the polymerization steps. Arch. Biochem 1955; 56: 369
  • 34 Quick A.J, Hussey C.V, Harris J, Peters K. Occult intravascular clotting by means of thrombin. Amer. J. Physiol 1959; 197: 791
  • 35 Hardaway R.M, Watson H.E, Weiss F.H. Alterations in blood coagulation mechanism after intraaortic injection of thrombin. Arch. Surg 1960; 81: 983
  • 36 Sanders B.E, Richard M.N, Smith E.V.G, Priester L.I, Herczeg S.A, Watson L.S. Human thrombin E : Its preparation and infusion into dogs. Fed. Proc 1961; 20: 60
  • 37 Kowalski E, Budzyński A.Z, Kopec M, Batallo Z.S, Lipinski B, Wegrzynowicz Z. Circulating fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in dog blood after intravenous thrombin infusion. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.) 1965; 13: 12
  • 38 Ratnoff O.D, Conley C.L. Studies on afibrinogenemia, II. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp 1951; 88: 414
  • 39 Lewis J.H, Szeto I.F. Effect of intravenous tissue thromboplastin in dogs: Development of an anticoagulant. J. Lab. clin. Med 1962; 60: 261
  • 40 Beck E.A, Jackson D. Studies on the degradation of human fibrinogen by plasmin and trypsin. Thrombos. Diathes. haemorrh. (Stuttg.) 1966; 16: 526