Download PDF
Thromb Haemost 1978; 40(02): 551-560
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1648688
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Shear Stress-Induced Changes in Platelet Reactivity

Simmon K Yu
The Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal and Department of Pathology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Jean-Gilles Latour
The Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal and Department of Pathology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Baudouin Marchandise
The Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal and Department of Pathology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
,
Marc Bois
The Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal and Department of Pathology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 25 October 1977

Accepted 28 March 1978

Publication Date:
12 July 2018 (online)

  PDF Download  Permissions and Reprints

Summary

We have investigated the effects on platelet function of a physiologic shear stress. The aggregation to thrombin and collagen, the release reaction [(14C) serotonin] and the procoagulant activity of washed platelet suspensions were assayed on samples undergoing laminar oscillatory flow for 20 minutes at 37° C in polyethylene tubes, and on paired samples kept at rest. The pulse rate was established at 72 cycles per minute and the shear stress at the wall estimated at 26.2 dynes/cm2. The platelet suspensions were prepared at 37°C from blood samples of 15 healthy volunteers and 15 patients with the diagnosis of coronary artery disease proven by angiography. Our results show enhancement of platelet aggregation in samples undergoing oscillatory flow. Furthermore, platelets from coronary patients gained additional procoagulant activity. However, no change was encountered in the rate and speed of the release reaction. It is concluded that exposure to a high shear stress within an oscillatory flow system enhances platelet reactivity; this reaction may take part in the production of platelet and coagulation changes seen in the atherosclerotic patient and after strenuous physical exercise.

 

  • References

  • 1 Aster RH, Jandl JH. 1964; Platelet sequestration in man. I. Methods. Journal of Clinical Investigation 43: 843
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Baumgartner HR. 1973; The role of blood flow in platelet adhesion, fibrin deposition, and formation of mural thrombi. Microvascular Research 5: 1967
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Born GV R. 1962; Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal. Nature (London) 194: 927
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Brown III CH, Leverett LB, Lewis CW, Alfrey jr CP, Hellums JD. 1975; Morphological, biochemical, and functional changes in human platelets subjected to shear stress. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 86: 462
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Caro CG, Fitz-Gerald JM, Schroter RC. 1971; Atheroma and arterial wall shear observation, correlation and proposal of a shear dependent mass transfer mechanism for atherogenesis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London; B 177: 109
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Dintenfass L. 1971. Blood microrheology. Viscosity factors in blood flow, ischemia and thrombosis Butterworths & Co. Ltd; London:
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Fox JA, Hugh AE. 1966; Localization of atheroma. A theory based on boundary layer separation British Heart Journal 28: 388
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Fry DL. 1968; Acute vascular endothelial changes associated with increased blood velocity gradients. Circulation Research 22: 1965
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Fry DL. 1969; Certain histological and chemical responses of the vascular interface of acutely induced mechanical stress in the aorta of the dog. Circulation Research 24: 93
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Goldsmith HL, Yu SK, Marlow J. 1975; Fluid mechanical stress and the platelet. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 34: 32
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Goldsmith HL, Marlow JC, Yu SK. 1976; The effect of oscillatory flow on the release reaction and aggregation of human platelets. Microvascular Research 11: 335
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Grabowski EF, Friedman LI, Leonard EF. 1972; Effect of shear rate on the diffusion and adhesion of blood elements to a foreign surface. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals 11: 224
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Ikkala E, Myllyla G, Sarajas HS S. 1966; Platelet adhesiveness and ADP-induced platelet aggregation in exercise. Annales Medicinae Experimentalis Fenniae 44: 88
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Klose HJ, Rieger H, Schmid-Schonbein H. 1975; A rheological method for the quantification of platelet aggregation(PA) in vitro and its kinetics under defined flow conditions. Thrombosis Research 7: 261
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Lee JS, Fung YC. 1971; Flow in nonuniform small blood vessels. Microvascular Research 3: 272
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Ling SC, Atabek HB, Fry DL, Patel DJ, Janicki JS. 1968; Application of heated-film velocity and shear probes to hemodynamic studies. Circulation Research 23: 789
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Mcdonald L. 1968; Thrombosis in coronary disease. British Heart Journal 30: 151
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Mitchell JR A, Schwartz CJ. 1965. Arterial disease. Blackwell Scientific Publishers Ltd; Oxford:
    Google Scholar
  • 19 Moolten SE, Jennings PB, Solden A. 1963; Dietary fat and platelet adhesiveness in arteriosclerosis and diabetes. American Journal of Cardiology 11: 290
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Murphy EA, Mustard JF. 1962; Coagulation tests and platelet economy in atherosclerotic and control subjects. Circulation 25: 114
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Murphy EA, Rowsell HC, Downie HG, Robinson GA, Mustard JF. 1962; Encrustation and atherosclerosis: The analogy between early in vivo lesions and deposits which occur in extracorporeal circulations. Canadian Medical Association Journal 87: 259
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Mustard JF, Perry DW, Ardlie NG, Packham MA. 1972; Preparation of suspensions of washed platelets from humans. British Journal of Haematology 22: 193
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 O’Brien JR. 1962; Platelet aggregation. II. Some results from a new method of study. Journal of Clinical Pathology 15: 452
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Oka S. 1976; A theoretical approach to the effect of shear stress on the development of atheroma. Thrombosis Research 8 Suppl (Suppl. 02) 305
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Texon M. 1957; A hemodynamic concept of atherosclerosis, with particular reference to coronary occlusions. Archives of Internal Medicine 99: 418
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Texon M, Imparato AM, Helpern M. 1965; The role of vascular dynamics in the development of atherosclerosis. Journal of the American Medical Association 194: 1226
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Turitto VT, Baumgartner HR. 1975; Platelet interaction with subendothelium in a perfusion system: Physical role of red blood cells. Microvascular Research 9: 335
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Wesolowski SA, Fries CC, Sabini AM, Sawyer PN. 1965; The significance of turbulence in hemic systems and in the distribution of the atherosclerotic lesion. Surgery 57: 155
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Yamazaki H, Kobayashi I, Shimamoto T. 1970; Enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by exercise test in coronary patients and its prevention by pyridinolcarbamate. Thrombosis et Diathesis Haemorrhagica 24: 438
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Yu SK, Goldsmith HL. 1973; Behavior of model particles and blood cells at spherical obstructions in tube flow. Microvascular Research 6: 5
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Yu SK, Latour JG. 1977; Potentiation by α and inhibition by β-adrenergic stimulations of rat platelet aggregation. A comparative study with human and rabbit platelets Thrombosis and Haemostasis 37: 413
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar