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Int J Sports Med 2013; 34(01): 28-33
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1316312
Training & Testing
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Changes in Skeletal Muscle Mass Assessed by Anthropometric Equations after Resistance Training

L. A. Gobbo
1   School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil
,
R. M. Ritti-Dias
2   School of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
,
A. Avelar
3   Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
,
A. M. Silva
4   Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal
,
M. J. Coelho-e-Silva
5   Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Portugal
,
E. S. Cyrino
3   Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History



accepted after revision 19 April 2012

Publication Date:
12 July 2012 (online)

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the validity of anthropometric equations to identify changes in skeletal muscle mass (SMM) after resistance training (RT). Anthropometric and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements were obtained at baseline and after RT in 15 trained Caucasian college men. Participants performed RT over 8 weeks, consisting of 8–9 exercises of 4 sets with 12/10/8/6 maximal repetitions and 1–2 min interval between sets. The training loads were gradually increased according to gains in muscular strength. 4 anthropometric equations were used for estimation of SMM: EQ1 (SMM, g=height×[0.0553×corrected thigh girth2  + 0.0987×forearm girth2 + 0.0331×corrected calf girth2] – 2445), EQ2 (SMM, g=height×[0.031×medial thigh girth2 + 0.064×corrected calf girth2 + 0.089×corrected arm girth2] – 3006), EQ3 (SMM, kg=height×[0.00744×corrected arm girth2 + 0.00088×corrected thigh girth2 + 0.00441×corrected calf girth2] + 2.4×gender – 0.048×age + race + 7.8) and EQ4 (SMM, kg=0.244×weight + 7.8×height + 6.6×gender – 0.098×age + race – 3.3). EQ1 and EQ2 overestimated the SMM (41.3% and 19.9%, respectively; P<0.05) while EQ3 and EQ4 were similar (P>0.05) to DXA at baseline. Although all equations and DXA revealed a significant increase in SMM after RT, changes were overestimated by EQ1 and EQ2 (P<0.05), but not by EQ3 and EQ4 (P>0.05). In addition, changes in SMM over time between EQ4 and DXA were significantly correlated (r=0.62; P<0.01). Thus, changes in SMM that occur after RT can be detected by EQ4 in trained young men.

Key words

anthropometry - body composition - skinfold thickness - girths - weight exercises
 

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