Neurogene, nicht-obstruktive Harnretention: Diagnose und Therapie

Zusammenfassung

Die Ätiologie der neurogenen, nicht-obstruktiven Harnretention ist mannigfaltig. Neben zentralnervösen Erkrankungen kommen auch Erkrankungen des peripheren Nervensystems in Betracht. Die Restharnbildung kann zu erheblichen Problemen führen, die die Patient*innen in ihrem täglichen Leben enorm beeinflussen können. Nur eine differenzierte Diagnostik macht eine der Harnblasenfunktionsstörung und auch der Lebenssituation der Patient*innen angepasste Therapie möglich. Sowohl konservative als auch operative therapeutische Strategien stehen zur Verfügung, medikamentöse Therapieansätze treten in den Hintergrund.

Als kausale Therapie der Funktionsstörung sind insbesondere neuromodulative Verfahren geeignet. Wenn eine artifizielle Harnblasenentleerung notwendig wird, sollte der intermittierende Selbstkatheterismus wenn immer möglich einem Dauerkatheter vorgezogen werden.

Abstract

Neurogenic, non-obstructive urinary retention has a varied aetiology. The condition can be caused by central-nervous diseases as well as by disorders of the peripheral nervous system. The formation of residual urine may lead to considerable problems that can have a significant impact on a patient’s everyday life. A treatment appropriate for the lower urinary tract dysfunction and suited to the patient’s situation in life is only possible if a differentiated diagnostic evaluation has been performed. Both conservative and surgical therapeutic strategies are available, while drug treatment approaches are less relevant.

Neuromodulative procedures are particularly suitable for causal treatment of the dysfunction. For patients requiring artificial bladder voiding, intermittent self-catheterization is generally preferable to using an indwelling catheter.

Schlüsselwörter

Neurogene Dysfunktion des unteren Harntraktes - chronische Harnretention - Neuromodulation

Keywords

neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction - urinary retention - neuromodulation

Publication History

Received: 08 February 2024

Accepted: 15 March 2024

Article published online:
24 April 2024

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