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Hamostaseologie 2016; 36(02): 77-88
DOI: 10.5482/HAMO-14-11-0076
Review
Schattauer GmbH

Oxidative stress, NADPH oxidases, and arteries

Oxidativer Stress, NADPH-Oxidasen und Arterien
Qi-An Sun
1   McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
,
Marschall S. Runge
1   McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
,
Nageswara R. Madamanchi
1   McAllister Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received: 26 November 2014

accepted in revised form: 21 January 2015

Publication Date:
20 December 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Atherosklerose und ihre wichtigsten Komplikationen – Myokardinfarkt und Schlaganfall – sind die Hauptursachen für Tod und Behinderung in den USA und weltweit. Eine dramatische Zunahme bei Adipositas und Diabetes mellitus wird wahrscheinlich auch in Zukunft zu einer hohen Prävalenz kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen (CVD) und deren Auswirkungen auf das Gesundheitswesen führen. Große Fortschritte gibt es bei der Entwicklung neuer Therapien zur Senkung der Inzidenz von Atherosklerose und CVD, besonders bei der Behandlung der Hypercholesterinämie und Hypertonie. Der gemeinsame mechanistische Nenner bei vielen Risikofaktoren für CVD ist oxidativer Stress. Erst seit kurzem verfügen wir über Methoden, um die Schnittstelle zwischen oxidativem Stress und CVD im Tiermodell zu untersuchen. Die wichtigste Quelle für reaktive Sauerstoffspezies (und damit für oxidativen Stress) in vaskulären Zellen sind die Formen der Nicotin - amidadenindinukleotidphosphat-Oxidase (NADPH-Oxidase). Die jüngsten Studien belegen eindeutig, dass 1. NADPH-Oxidasen im Tiermodell von grundlegender Bedeutung für Atherosklerose und Hypertonie sind und 2. der vaskuläre oxidative Stress, angesichts der gewebespezifischen Expression wichtiger Bestandteile der NADPH-Oxidase, ein Ziel bei der Prävention der CVD sein könnte.

Summary

Atherosclerosis and its major complications – myocardial infarction and stroke – remain major causes of death and disability in the United States and world-wide. Indeed, with dramatic increases in obesity and diabetes mellitus, the prevalence and public health impact of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) will likely remain high. Major advances have been made in development of new therapies to reduce the incidence of atherosclerosis and CVD, in particular for treatment of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. Oxidative stress is the common mechanistic link for many CVD risk factors. However, only recently have the tools existed to study the interface between oxidative stress and CVD in animal models. The most important source of reactive oxygen species (and hence oxidative stress) in vascular cells are the multiple forms of enzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase). Recently published and emerging studies now clearly establish that: 1) NADPH oxidases are of critical importance in atherosclerosis and hypertension in animal models; 2) given the tissue-specific expression of key components of NADPH oxidase, it may be possible to target vascular oxidative stress for prevention of CVD.

Schlüsselwörter

Oxidativer Stress - Atherosklerose - Hypertonie - Diabetes mellitus

Keywords

Oxidative stress - atherosclerosis - hypertension - diabetes mellitus
 

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