Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2014; 27(01): 14-19
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-13-04-0053
Original Research
Schattauer GmbH

Biomechanical testing of a β-tricalcium phosphate wedge for advancement of the tibial tuberosity

S. Etchepareborde
1   Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire des Cordeliers, Surgery, Meaux, France
,
N. Barthelemy
2   Clinique Véterinaire Universitaire, Department of Small Animal Surgery, Liège, Belgium
,
L. Brunel
2   Clinique Véterinaire Universitaire, Department of Small Animal Surgery, Liège, Belgium
,
S. Claeys
2   Clinique Véterinaire Universitaire, Department of Small Animal Surgery, Liège, Belgium
,
M. Balligand
2   Clinique Véterinaire Universitaire, Department of Small Animal Surgery, Liège, Belgium
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 28 April 2013

Accepted 26 September 2013

Publication Date:
19 December 2017 (online)

Summary

Objectives: to evaluate in vitro the strength of different compositions of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) wedges in comparison with titanium foam and cages. To study the response to cyclic loading of the strongest β-TCP wedge, titanium foam and titanium cage.

Methods: Compression test: Twenty-five tibiae were prepared for tibial tuberosity advancement using the modified Maquet technique. Five groups were defined depending on the material used to maintain the tibial tuberosity: Group 1 = titanium cage; Group 2 = wedges of porous titanium foam with 50% porosity (OrthoFoam®); Group 3 = blocks of biphasic synthetic bone (60% hydroxyapatite [HAP] and 40% _-TCP, porosity 80%); Group 4 = blocks of biphasic synthetic bone (60% HAP and 40% _-TCP, porosity 70%) and Group 5 = blocks of biphasic synthetic bone (65% HAP and 35% _-TCP, porosity 60%). Loads to failure were calculated for each implant. Cyclic study: Five additional tibiaes of group 1, 2 and 5 were fatigue tested from 100 to 500 N at a rate of 4 Hz for 200,000 cycles or until failure.

Results: Compression test: For the five groups, the mean load at failure was 1895 N, 1917 N, 178 N, 562 N and 1370 N respectively. Cyclical study: All samples in the three groups tested withstood 200,000 cycles without failure.

Clinical significance: The ideal implant to maintain tibial tuberosity advancement after the modified Maquet technique would be absorbable and allow osteoconduction and osteoinduction. As such, β-TCP wedges have many advantages and our study shows that they can withstand loads in the patellar tendon up to 500 N over 200,000 cycles in vitro and deserve more investigation.

 
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