Katarakt bei Hunden – Überblick und Orientierungshilfe für die Therapieentscheidung

Zusammenfassung

Die Katarakt ist die häufigste Ursache für Visuseinschränkungen und Blindheit beim Hund. Eine Linsentrübung lässt sich mittlerweile mit sehr gutem direktem Erfolg (90–95%) operieren, wobei die Auswahl geeigneter Patienten den Operationserfolg maßgeblich beeinflusst. Nach Darstellung anatomischer und physiologischer Besonderheiten der Linse wird detailliert auf die Ätiologie der Katarakt und ihre Begleiterkrankungen eingegangen. Es folgt eine Erläuterung der präoperativen Untersuchungsschritte mit Hinweis auf entscheidende Kriterien für die Auswahl der für eine Operation in Betracht kommenden Patienten. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, anhand von Orientierungshilfen bei der Diagnostik die Therapieentscheidung sowie die Bestimmung eines geeigneten Operationszeitpunkts zu erleichtern.

Summary

Cataract is the leading cause of impaired vision and vision loss in dogs. Because of the considerable progress in cataract surgery in recent decades, lens opacities can now be operated on with very good short-term success (90–95%), taking into account that proper patient selection is essential to maximize the probability of a successful surgical outcome. Following a description of anatomical and physiological lens characteristics, the etiology and complications of untreated cataracts are discussed. Furthermore, specific criteria for patient selection are addressed while delineating essential steps of the examination. This article aims to aid decision making in cataract therapy on the basis of diagnostic guidance and to facilitate the selection of an appropriate point of time for surgery.

Schlüsselwörter

Ophthalmologie - Linse - Kataraktätiologie - linseninduzierte Uveitis - Glaukom - Phakoemulsifikation

Key words

Ophthalmology - lens - etiology of cataracts - lens-induced uveitis - glaucoma - phacoemulsification

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