Chronisch krank sein - subjektive Aspekte

Zusammenfassung

Patienten übernehmen zunehmend das „Management“ ihrer eigenen Erkrankungen. Deshalb spielen ihre Interpretation von Beschwerden und ihre Konzepte von Krankheitsursachen und von der Wirkung von Behandlungen eine große Rolle. Patienten entscheiden mit über den Einsatz und damit die Wirksamkeit von Therapien. Die Berücksichtigung subjektiver Krankheitskonzepte sollte deshalb ein unverzichtbarer Aspekt hausärztlichen Betreuung sein. Inzwischen gibt es eine breite Literatur zu Struktur und Relevanz dieser patientenseitigen Vorstellungen, der sich Hinweise für die konkrete Gestaltung des Gesprächs mit chronisch Kranken entnehmen lassen. Allerdings besteht noch Entwicklungs- und Erprobungsbedarf für praxistaugliche Umsetzungshilfen.

Abstract

Patients do manage their illnesses themselves increasingly autonomous. Thus their own interpretation of causes of disease and of treatment play an important role. Patients’ own concepts of disease determine the effects of treatment considerably. Paying attention to patients’ subjective aspects of their illness is therefore an indispensable part of care in general practice. Nowadays we find comprehensive literature on the structure and relevance of these concepts. Suggestions for appropriate communication strategies with chronically ill patients have been made. However a necessity for the development, evaluation, and implantation of real-world solutions for better communication does exist.

Schlüsselwörter

chronische Erkrankungen - Krankheitskonzepte - Krankheitsbewältigung

Keywords

chronic Disease - Disease concepts - Illness behavior

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