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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1038216
Analyse des „Nichtgebrauchs” der oralen Antikoagulation zur Schlaganfallprävention bei Vorhofflimmern: Eine prospektive Studie
Reasons for Underuse of Oral Anticoagulation in Atrial Fibrillation-Associated Stroke: Prospective Study of German Stroke PatientsPublication History
Publication Date:
04 July 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die orale Antikoagulation bei Vorhofflimmern stellt eine effektive Methode in der Primär- und Sekundärprävention des kardioembolischen Schlaganfalls dar, wird in der Praxis aber oft nicht angewendet. Die detaillierten Gründe für diesen „Nichtgebrauch” sind in Deutschland bisher nicht genauer untersucht worden. In den vorliegenden Studien wurden 105 Schlaganfallpatienten mit Vorhofflimmern prospektiv durch semistrukturierte Interviews untersucht. Der häufigste Grund für einen „Nichtgebrauch” war, dass das Vorhofflimmern nicht bekannt gewesen ist (43 %). Bei bekanntem Vorhofflimmern lehnten 30 % der Patienten eine Antikoagulation ab; Kontraindikationen lagen bei 25 % vor und Complianceprobleme bei 20 %. Die Aussagen von Patienten und ihren Hausärzten zeigten gute Übereinstimmungsraten bezüglich Nichtgebrauch oder Therapieabbruch (kappa 0,64 und 0,93). Unbekanntes Vorhofflimmern scheint der häufigste Grund für den Nichtgebrauch oraler Antikoagulation bei Schlaganfallpatienten zu sein. Da eine absolute Arrhythmie bei Vorhofflimmern relativ einfach diagnostiziert werden kann, sollte angesichts der demografischen Entwicklung erwogen werden, ältere Patienten ohne Kontraindikationen regelmäßig auf Vorhofflimmern hin zu untersuchen.
Abstract
Oral anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (AF) is effective in primary and secondary prevention of cardioembolic stroke, but is often underused in practice. The detailed reasons for non-use of oral anticoagulation are less well known. We prospectively analyzed 105 consecutive cases of acute ischemic stroke associated with atrial fibrillation. Patients were investigated by a semi-structured interview. The most frequent reasons for underuse were: unknown AF (43 %). In case of known AF: reluctance of patients (30 %), contraindications (25 %) and compliance problems (20 %). There was good agreement between patients and physicians views about nonuse or aborted use of oral anticoagulation (kappa 0.64 and 0.93, respectively). Unknown atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent cause of underutilization of oral anticoagulation in acute stroke patients. Since atrial fibrillation is easy to detect in most cases, it could be worthwhile to screen elderly patients without contraindications for anticoagulation.
Schlüsselwörter
Zerebrale Ischämie - Primärprävention - Sekundärprävention
Key words
cerebral ischemia - primary prevention - secondary prevention
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Benjamin Reicke
Abteilung für Chirurgie Asklepios Klinik Nord
Tangstedter Landstraße 400
22417 Hamburg
Email: benjamin.reicke@gmx.de