Chondrokalzinose und Pseudogicht – aktueller denn je

Zusammenfassung

Mit steigender Lebenserwartung ist eine steigende Prävalenz von kristallinduzierten Arthritiden zu beobachten. Für die Gicht gilt das ebenso wie für die Kalziumpyrophosphat-Dihydrat (CPPD)-Ablagerungskrankheit, die sich als akute Arthritis oder unter dem klinischen Bild zunehmender Schübe aktivierter Arthrosen zeigen kann. Die Diagnose ist durch typische Knorpelverkalkungen (Chondrokalzinose) oder durch den Nachweis von Pyrophosphatkristallen aus dem Gelenk zu stellen. Trotz neuer Daten zur Pathogenese existieren bisher keine kausalen Therapieansätze. Die Klärung sekundärer Formen, wie Hyperparathyreoidismus und Hämochromatose, ist daher besonders relevant. In der folgenden Übersichtsarbeit soll der aktuelle Wissensstand zu Pathogenese, Diagnostik und Therapie dargestellt werden.

Abstract

As life expectancy increases, a rise in the prevalence of crystal arthropathies can be observed. This is true for gout as well as for the calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) deposition disease, which clinically appears as acute arthritis or with increasing flares resembling activated osteoarthritis. Diagnosis relies on typical calcifications of cartilage (chondrocalcinosis) or the detection of pyrophosphate crystals in joint material. Although there have been new findings that consider the pathogenesis, there is still no causal therapy in sight. Therefore it is important to search for potential causes of secondary forms, such as hyperparathyroidism and haemochromatosis. The present review summarises current knowledge on the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic options.

Schlüsselwörter

Chondrokalzinose - Pseudogicht - Kristallarthropathie - akute Arthritis

Key words

chondrocalcinosis - pseudogout - crystal arthropathies - acute arthritis

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