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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027532
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Konventionelle Therapie des systemischen Lupus erythematodes im Kindesalter
Conventional Therapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in ChildhoodPublication History
Publication Date:
03 July 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die klinische Variabilität des systemischen Lupus erythematodes im Kindes- und Jugendalter ist ähnlich stark ausgeprägt wie beim Erwachsenen mit einen Trend zu schwereren Verläufen. So besteht das klinische Spektrum aus einer Spannweite zwischen milden hämatologischen Auffälligkeiten bis hin zu schweren diffus proliferativen Glomerulonephritiden und Vaskulitiden. Bei Erkrankungsbeginn weisen bis zu etwa 80 % der betroffenen Kinder und Jugendliche eine Glomerulonephritis, etwa 60 % eine Hautbeteiligung auf. Die Symptomenkonstellation und Krankheitsaktivität definiert die Wahl des Therapiekonzeptes, die Intensität und die Dauer. Sie reichen von immunmodulatorischen über immunsuppressiven bis hin zu zytotoxischen Medikamenten. Da im Kindes- und Jugendalter keine randomisiert vergleichenden, prospektiven Studien zur Therapie des SLE existieren, muss für die Therapieentscheidung auf Studien an erwachsenen Patienten zurückgegriffen werden. Dies erscheint gerechtfertigt, da sich die Prognose in Abhängigkeit von der Manifestationsart im Kindes- und Jugendalter nicht wesentlich vom Erwachsenenalter unterscheidet. Die Wahl von remissionsinduzierender und erhaltender, konventioneller Therapie ist in den letzten 10 Jahren kontrovers diskutiert und untersucht worden. Diese Wahl wird beeinflusst nicht zuletzt durch die langfristigen Nebenwirkungen, die von besonderer Bedeutung, gerade im Kindesalter sind. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit soll helfen, dieses Spannungsfeld aufzuzeigen und die vorhandenen Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen vom Kindes- bis zum Erwachsenenalter zusammenfassen.
Abstract
The clinical variability of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in childhood and adolescence is comparable to that in adulthood, but with a trend to more severe disease courses. The clinical spectrum ranges form mild haematological disturbances to severe diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis and vasculitis. At disease onset about 80 % of affected children and adolescents present with glomerulonephritis, while 60 % present with dermatological manifestations. The clinical presentation and the disease activity define the choice of medication as well as the intensity and duration of therapy. Immunomodulatory, immunosuppressive and cytotoxic drugs are used in SLE. Since, in childhood and adolescence populations, there are no prospective and comparative studies available, the treatment decision in part relies on the experience obtained in adult patients. Of note, the prognosis with regard to clinical symptoms and disease activity does not differ in childhood when compared to adulthood. During the last 10 years the choice of remission-inducing and remission-sustaining conventional therapy has been debated controversially. This choice is influenced by the rate of side effects, which are of particular importance in childhood. The current review summarises the clinical experiences in childhood and adulthood and gives a comprehensive overview of the available literature.
Schlüsselwörter
systemischer Lupus erythematodes - konventionelle Therapie - Induktionstherapie und Erhaltungstherapie - Cyclophosphamid - Mycophenolatmofetil
Key words
systemic lupus erythematosus - conventional therapy - children - cyclophosphamide - mycophenolate mofetil
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Prof. Dr. Hermann J. Girschick
Universitäts-Kinderklinik, Würzburg
Josef-Schneider-Str. 2
97080 Wuerzburg
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Fax: ++ 49/9 31/2 99 67 37
Email: Hermann.Girschick@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de