Arbeitsrehabilitation psychisch kranker Menschen – ein Überblick über Erfolgsprädiktoren

Zusammenfassung

Anliegen Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen Überblick über die wichtigsten prädiktiven Faktoren für eine erfolgreiche Wiedereingliederung psychisch Erkrankter in den Arbeitsprozess zu geben. Methode In einer Literaturrecherche über „pubmed” wurden die zwischen 1997 und 2007 zum Thema Arbeitsrehabilitation publizierten Arbeiten ausgehoben. Ergebnisse Die wichtigsten prädiktiven Faktoren stellen nach heutigem Wissensstand vorangegangene Beschäftigung und beobachtete Arbeitsleistung dar. Schlussfolgerungen Ziel zukünftiger Forschungsarbeit sollte es sein, neue Wege zu finden, um arbeitsrehabilitative Maßnahmen den speziellen Bedürfnissen der Patienten anzupassen.

Abstract

Objectives Unemployment has a strong negative impact on quality of life and on the further course of the disease of mentally disordered individuals. Therefore, vocational rehabilitation programmes are necessary to help people with mental disorders to obtain work. There is increasing scientific evidence concerning positive predictors for vocational integration. This paper intends to give an overview about established predictors for successful integration. Methods „Pubmed” was searched for studies on psychiatric vocational rehabilitation programmes published between 1997 and 2007, which had the focus on predictors of successful outcome. Results Some of the most important predictors are a better history of work integration and better work performance measured during psychiatric vocational rehabilitaton. Successful vocational integration is harder if negative symptoms or cognitive deficits are present. The impact of sociodemographic factors, diagnosis, motivation to work and social skills is discussed controversially. Conclusion Future research should be directed to design vocational rehabilitation programmes, which address the specific needs of psychiatric patients.

Arbeitsrehabilitation - berufliche Wiedereingliederung - Prädiktoren - psychische Erkrankung

vocational rehabilitation - mental illness - supported employment - predictors

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