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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-963342
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Vitamin A-Induced Cholestatic Hepatitis: a Case Report
Vitamin-A-induzierte cholestatische Hepatitis: ein FallberichtPublication History
manuscript received: 24.11.2006
manuscript accepted: 21.6.2007
Publication Date:
09 October 2007 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Wir berichten über eine 70-jährige Patientin mit cholestatischer Hepatitis aufgrund einer dauerhaften Vitamin-A-Einnahme. Bei Aufnahme zeigte die Patientin einen ausgeprägten Ikterus sowie einen reduzierten Allgemein- und Ernährungszustand bei seit 2 Monaten zunehmenden Cholestaseparametern. Drei Jahre zuvor war die Patientin aufgrund eines Mamma- und Ovarialkarzinomes operiert worden. Im Anschluss wurden mehrere Chemotherapien durchgeführt, die letzte bis einen Monat bevor erstmalig laborchemisch eine Transaminasenerhöhung und Cholestase auffielen. Der Chemotherapie folgte eine supportive Therapie einschließlich der wöchentlichen Verabreichung von Vitamin A (100 000 I. E. pro Injektion). Die Leberhistologie zeigte einen akut toxischen Leberschaden mit fokalen Parenchymnekrosen, sinusoidalen Schäden, entzündlichen Infiltraten (Rundzellen, Makrophagen) sowie Aktivierung und Proliferation der Sternzellen. Die hepatische Vitamin-A-Konzentration war signifikant erhöht. Intrahepatische Metastasen oder eine Leberzirrhose wurden nicht gefunden. Die Behandlung mit Ursodesoxycholsäure führte zu einer schnellen Besserung der Cholestase und zu einer vollständigen Normalisierung nach 3 Wochen.
Abstract
We report a case of intrahepatic cholestasis due to chronic vitamin A supplementation. A 70-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for jaundice and reduced nutritional and general status with a 2-month history of increasing cholestasis. Some years previously she had suffered from breast and ovarian cancer with subsequent surgery and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was terminated one month before elevated serum transaminase activities and cholestatic serum markers were noted. Following the chemotherapy, supportive care included weekly vitamin A injections (100 000 IU per injection). Liver biopsy showed an acute toxic liver injury with focal parenchymal necrosis, sinusoidal lesions, inflammatory infiltrate (round cells, macrophages), and activation and proliferation of stellate cells. The hepatic vitamin A concentration was found to be significantly elevated. There were no signs of intrahepatic metastasis or liver cirrhosis. Treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid rapidly improved the cholestasis and led to a total recovery after three weeks.
Schlüsselwörter
Hepatitis - Cholestase - Vitamin A
Key words
hepatitis - cholestasis - vitamin A
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Prof. Helmut Karl Seitz
Department of Medicine, Salem Medical Center, University of Heidelberg
Zeppelinstraße 11 - 33
69120 Heidelberg
Phone: ++49/66 21/48 32 00
Fax: ++49/66 21/48 34 94
Email: helmut_karl.seitz@urz.uni-heidelberg.de