Zusammenfassung
Nach dem Scheitern der Ernährungstherapie bei der Behandlung adipöser Personen sucht
man nach neuen therapeutischen Zugängen. Immer mehr wird erkannt, dass psychosoziale
Faktoren sowohl wesentlich zur Gewichtsakkumulation beitragen als auch die therapeutischen
Strategien bei dieser Personengruppe beeinflussen. Erschreckend sind die Daten einer
Studie an schwer adipösen Personen, die sich für eine bariatrische chirurgische Behandlung
entschieden haben, da 69 % dieser Personengruppe über eine Misshandlung in ihrer Kindheit
berichteten. Heute beginnt man sich immer mehr für die Psychologie der positiven Gefühle
zu interessieren, da gezeigt wurde, dass der emotionale Zustand wesentlicher diskriminierender
Faktor zwischen gesund und krank ist. Evidenzabgesicherte Studien haben auch ergeben,
dass durch gewisse Trainingsmethoden die Emotionslage in Richtung positiv verlagert
werden kann. Es ist außerdem zu hinterfragen, inwieweit die positiven Ergebnisse einer
Bewegungstherapie adipöser Patienten nicht Folge eines verbesserten Wohlbefindens
statt eines vermehrten Energiebedarfs sind.
Abstract
Nutritional therapy with caloric deprivation was not really successful for treatment
of obesity. Therefore new therapeutical strategies are wanted. In this respect, especially
psychosocial and lifestyle aspects are of growing interest. Symptoms of depression
are often associated with changes in body weight. A recent study revealed that 62
% of obese bariatric surgery candidates suffered from childhood maltreatment. Today
the interest of psychology is turning from cure of mental illness into the direction
of „positive psychology” to scientifically investigate the factors which increase
wellbeing and happiness. Evidence-based methods have been developed to stimulate positive
moods. In this context, it seems questionable whether the positive effects of exercise
in obese people are due to increased energy consumption or to increased wellbeing
and happiness.
Schlüsselwörter
Adipositas - Glück - Wohlbefinden - positive Psychologie - Depression
Key words
Obesity - happiness - wellbeing - positive psychology - depression
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Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. DI. Erich Roth
Universitätsklinik für Chirurgie/AKH · Forschungslaboratorien
Währinger Gürtel 18 - 20
1090 Wien · Österreich
Phone: 40400-6949
Fax: 40400-6782
Email: Erich.Roth@meduniwien.ac.at