Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Neues Verständnis über Reparaturmechanismen in verschiedenen Gewebetypen ist die
Grundlage aktueller therapeutischer Bemühungen. Im Zentrum vieler experimenteller
und auch klinischer Ansätze steht die Beeinflussung der Angiogenese, die sicherlich
auch im Kontext der Wundheilung von grundlegender Bedeutung ist. Sowohl die Applikation
von Wachstumsfaktoren, als auch der Gentransfer oder die Anwendung genetisch manipulierter
Zellen verfolgen häufig dieses Ziel. Der jedoch teilweise unkalkulierbare Effekt auf
die induzierte Angiogenese führt auch zu sekundären Problemen wie einer Hyperpermeabilität,
die von Gewebsödemen gefolgt zu einer Verschlechterung des Wundmilieus beitragen kann.
Wir haben nach Mechanismen zur Beeinflussung der endothelialen Schrankenstörung gesucht.
Methodik: In einer ersten experimentellen Untersuchung an kultivierten Endothelzellen verschiedener
Herkunft haben wir untersucht, ob die Plasmatransglutaminase (Faktor XIII) einen Einfluss
auf die endotheliale Barrierefunktion hat. In einer zweiten Untersuchung wurde der
Einfluss der Plasmatransglutaminase unter klinischen Bedingungen an Patienten mit
einem chronisch venösen Ulcus cruris untersucht. Ergebnisse: Der aktivierte FXIII (FXIIIA*) führte zu einer Dosis-abhängigen Verminderung der
basalen Permeabilität der Endothelzellen um 30 % im Vergleich zur Kontrolle mit einer
Maximalwirkung bei Konzentrationen zwischen 1 und 5 U/ml. Im Rahmen der klinischen
Untersuchung konnten wir eine fast völlige Reduktion der initialen Hypersekretion
im Wundbereich beobachten. Schlussfolgerung: Im experimentellen Ansatz konnten wir nachweisen, dass der aktivierte Faktor XIII
die endotheliale Barriere stabilisiert und sogar gegen eine induzierte Hyperpermeabilität
schützt. Die klinische Untersuchung zeigte, dass die Plasmatransglutaminase auch bei
der lokalen Wundbehandlung zu einer Verminderung der Wundsekretion als Folge einer
Barrierestörung führt. Somit könnte dieser Faktor eine therapeutische Option des lokalen
oder generalisierten Leakage-Syndroms darstellen.
Abstract
Aim: Recent knowledge about repair mechanisms in different types of tissue is the basic
of actual therapeutic efforts. Center of several experimental and clinical approaches
is the influencing of angiogenesis with an also distinct meaning concerning wound
healing. Therefore, application of growth factors, gene transfer, and employment of
genetically manipulated cells often aim at angiogenesis. Nevertheless, manipulation
of angiogenesis also leads to secondary problems such as hyperpermeability followed
by impairment of local wound milieu. Our study was done to identify mechansims to
protect from disturbances of endothelial barrier function. Method: In a first experimental investigation on cultured endothelial cells, the influence
of plasma-transglutaminase (Factor XIII) to endothelial barrier function was studied.
In a second step, the influence of Factor XIII on wound healing properties was investigated
in patients with a chronic venous ulceration. Results: Activated Factor XIII (FXIIIA*) led to a dose-dependent reduction of endothelial
cell permeability of 30 % compared to control with a maximum effect using 1 to 5 U/mL.
Clinical investigation revealed a nearly complete reduction of wound secretion. Conclusion: Experimental studies revealed that activated Factor XIII stabalizes endothelial barrier
under basic conditions as well as under conditions of induced hyperpermeability. Clinical
study revealed that Factor XIII also distinctly reduces wound secretion. Therefore,
plasma-transglutaminase may offer a new therapeutic option to treat the local or generalized
leakage-syndrome.
Schlüsselwörter
endotheliale Barriere - Permeabilität - Wachstumsfaktor - Gentransfer - Faktor XIII
Key words
endothelial barrier - permeability - growth factors - gene transfer - factor XIII
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Prof. Dr. med. G. Wozniak
Klinik für Gefäßchirurgie · Knappschaftskrankenhaus
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