Radiopharmakaforschung: Trends und neue Konzepte

Zusammenfassung

Die Leistungsfähigkeit der Nuklearmedizin in der Diagnostik, Therapie und medizinischen Forschung hängt entscheidend vom Fortschritt bei der Entwicklung neuer geeigneter Radiopharmaka ab. Die Auswahl, die Herstellung und die präklinische Evaluation dieser neuen Radiopharmaka ist Gegenstand der radiopharmazeutischen Chemie. Vor dem Hintergrund der rasanten Entwicklungen auf den Gebieten der Biowissenschaften im Post-Genom-Zeitalter und der technologischen Fortschritte bei der Instrumentierung der bildgebenden nuklearmedizinischen Verfahren SPECT und PET hat sich die Radiopharmakaforschung in den letzten Jahren zu einer komplexen chemischen Wissenschaft entwickelt. Die Schwerpunkte der aktuellen Radiopharmakaforschung umfassen dabei besonders neue koordinationschemische Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der [^99mTc]Technetium-Radiopharmaka, die Herstellung von so genannten Nicht-Standard-Radionukliden für die PET sowie die Synthese von ¹¹C- und ¹⁸F-markierten Radiopharmaka mit hoher spezifischer Radioaktivität. Weitere wichtige Entwicklungen zeichnen sich durch die zunehmende Ausrichtung der Radiopharmakaforschung auf die Entwicklung von Radiotherapeutika und die Einbeziehung der PET in die Arzneimittelentwicklung und -evaluation ab.

Abstract

The efficiency of nuclear medicine in diagnosis, therapy and medicinal research strongly depends on the progress to develop novel suitable radiopharmaceuticals. The selection, preparation, and preclinical evaluation of new radiopharmaceuticals is addressed by the field of radiopharmaceutical chemistry. The rapid developments in the field of biotechnology in the post-genome era combined with the recent advances in the instrumentation of SPECT and PET have directed radiopharmaceutical research into a complex chemical science. Current radiopharmaceutical research comprises novel developments of coordination chemistry with [^99mTc]technetium pharmaceuticals, the development of non-standard PET radionuclides and the synthesis of ¹¹C- and ¹⁸F-labelled radiopharmaceuticals at high specific radioactivity. Further developments deal with an increasing alignment to radiotherapeutics and the implementation of PET into the process of drug development and evaluation.

Schlüsselwörter

[^99mTc]Technetium - Nicht-Standard-PET-Radionuklide - spezifische Radioaktivität - Radiotherapeutika - Arzneimittelforschung

Key words

[^99mTc]technetium - non-standard PET-radionuclides - specific radioactivity - radiotherapeutics - drug research

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