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Semin Neurol 2004; 24(2): 197-204
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-830907
Copyright © 2004 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Organophosphate Poisoning

Daniel E. Rusyniak1 , Kristine A. Nañagas2
  • 1Assistant Professor, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
  • 2Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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Publication History

Publication Date:
15 July 2004 (online)

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Organophosphates are commonly used as pesticides around the world. Exposures to organophosphates cause a significant number of poisonings and deaths each year. Organophosphates bind and inhibit cholinesterase enzymes. Acute toxicity manifests as a cholinergic crisis with excessive glandular secretions, altered mental status, and weakness. Several delayed syndromes have also been associated with organophosphate exposure, including a myasthenic-like syndrome, peripheral neuropathies, neuropsychiatric abnormalities, and extrapyramidal disorders. Clinical features and management of organophosphate poisoning is reviewed with emphasis on those affecting the central and peripheral nervous system.

KEYWORDS

Insecticides - organophosphate poisoning - intermediate syndrome - neuropathy - extrapyramidal parkinsonism - paralysis - neurobehavioral

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