Perkutane Totalembolisation der Niere - eine Übersicht

Zusammenfassung

Die perkutane transarterielle Totalembolisation der Niere stellt ein minimalinvasives Therapieverfahren zur radiologischen Nephrektomie dar. In dieser Übersicht werden Indikationen, Technik, Erfolgs- und Komplikationsrate dieses Verfahrens beleuchtet. Mit Ausnahme von in der Regel temporären Beschwerden im Rahmen eines Postembolisationssyndroms, welches mit einer Häufigkeit zwischen 47 % und 100 % angegeben wird, treten Komplikationen relativ selten auf (0 - 20 %) bei einer Mortalitätsrate bis zu 3,3 %. Während die technische Erfolgsrate des Verfahrens unabhängig von der zugrunde liegenden Indikationsstellung hoch ist und in der Regel mit über 90 % angegeben wird, wird die klinische Erfolgsrate maßgeblich von der zu behandelnden Grunderkrankung beeinflusst. Bei inoperablen Tumorleiden kann durch Embolisation eine Verlängerung der Überlebensrate erzielt werden.

Abstract

The percutaneous transarterial total embolization of the kidney is a minimal invasive therapeutic procedure for radiological nephrectomy. The reported indications, technique, results and complications of percutaneous transarterial total renal embolization are reviewed. Aside from transient symptoms as part of the postembolization syndrome with a stated incidence of 47 % to 100 % of embolizations, other complications are relatively rare and occur in the range of 0 % to 20 % with a mortality of up to 3.3 %. Technical success is high and not related to the diagnosis. However, clinical success depends on the underlying disease. Embolization of non-resectable renal tumors may improve the survival rate.

Key words

Arteries - therapeutic embolization - kidney - interventional procedures

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