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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-40812
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Das rupturierte Aortenaneurysma - Einflussgrößen auf die frühe postoperative Letalität
Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) - predictors of the early postoperative mortality Übersetzung: R. T. Grundmann, Altötting-BurghausenUnterstützt durch Forschungsstipendien ME LN 00B107, NA 6408-3/2000 und MSM 111 400 001Publication History
Publication Date:
28 July 2003 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, Einflussgrößen auf die 30-Tage-Letalität von
Patienten mit operiertem abdominellen Aortenaneurysma zu analysieren.
Patienten und Methode: 73 Patienten wurden wegen eines rupturierten Aortenaneurysmas zwischen 1996 und 2001
operiert. In einer univariaten und multivariaten Analyse wurden verschiedene Begleitfaktoren
als Einflussgrößen überprüft.
Ergebnisse: Die 30-Tage-Letalität betrug 35,6 %. Die hauptsächlichen Einflussgrößen auf die Letalität
waren: Fehldiagnose, kardio-pulmonal-zerebrale Wiederbelebung bei Einweisung, Konfiguration
des Aneurysmas, Zahl der Blutkonserven, Hypotension bei Einweisung (p < 0,0001), Dauer
der Operation, Art der Rekonstruktion und Bluthochdruckanamnese (p < 0,01). Weitere
wichtige Einflussgrößen (p < 0,05) waren: niedriger Hämoglobinspiegel bei Einweisung,
Durchmesser des Aneurysmas und eine koronare Herzerkrankung in der Anamnese. Die höchste
Wahrscheinlichkeit, an einem rupturierten Aneurysma zu sterben (p < 0,003) hatten
Patienten, bei denen Einflussgrößen wie Reanimation, Zahl der Blutkonserven und Aneurysmadurchmesser
kombiniert waren (multivariate Analyse, schrittweise vorgenommen).
Folgerungen: Die besten Maßnahmen, um die Prognose dieser Patienten zu verbessern, sind die frühe
Diagnosestellung und elektive chirurgische oder endovaskuläre Therapie, die richtige
Einweisungspraxis von Patienten mit kleinen Aneurysmen und Hypertonus und die korrekte
Diagnose des rupturierten Aneurysmas ohne Zeitverzug. Die Chance dieser Patienten
steigt mit einem gut ausgebildeten prästationären Notfallsystem und bei Behandlung
durch erfahrene Gefäßchirurgen und Anästhesisten.
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the main factors of the 30 days mortality rate of patients operated on
for abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture (RAAA).
Patients and method: Univariate and multivariate analysis of various factors associated with RAAA was
performed in a group of 73 patients operated on for RAAA between 1996-2001.
Results: The 30 days mortality rate was 35.6 %. The main factors of mortality were: misdiagnosis,
cardio- pulmonary-cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) on admission, configuration of RAAA,
number of blood transfusions, hypotension on admission (p < 0.0001) and duration of
operation, type of reconstruction and hypertension in anamnesis (p < 0.01). Important
factors (p < 0.05) of postoperative mortality were also low haemoglobin level on admission,
abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) diameter and ischaemic heart disease in anamnesis.
The probability of patient’s death is the highest (p < 0.003), if factors like CPCR,
number of blood transfusions and aneurysm diameter are combined (multivariate analysis,
stepwise method).
Conclusion: The early detection and surgical or endovascular elective treatment of AAA, the regular
dispensation of patients with small AAA especially in hypertonics, the correct diagnosis
of RAAA without time delay are the best tools for patients survival. The patient’s
chance for survival increases with highly trained prehospital resuscitation system
and experienced team of vascular surgeons and anesthesiologists.
Schlüsselwörter
Abdominelles Aortenaneurysma - Ruptur - Überleben - Risikofaktoren
Key words
Abdominal aortic aneurysm - rupture - survival - risk factors
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Vladislav Třeška MD, PhD · Professor of Surgery
Department of Surgery · University Hospital
Alej svobody 80
30460 Plzen
Czech Republic
Email: treska@fnplzen.cz