Laparoskopische Appendektomie

Zusammenfassung

Die laparoskopische Appendektomie hat sich im Gegensatz zur laparoskopischen Cholezystektomie auch 20 Jahre nach ihrer Erstbeschreibung nicht als Standardverfahren bei dem Verdacht auf Appendizitis durchsetzen können. Die Ursache dafür liegt vor allen Dingen in der nur marginalen Verbesserung der Morbidität im Vergleich zum konventionellen Verfahren. Der besondere Vorteil der laparoskopischen Technik im Vergleich zur konventionellen Laparotomie ist ihr Wert als diagnostisches Instrument. Vor dem Hintergrund der internationalen Literatur wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit die heutige differenzierte Indikation der laparoskopischen Appendektomie dargestellt.

Abstract

In contrast to laparoscopic cholezystectomy, 20 years after its introduction laparoscopic appendectomy could not establish as the standard procedure in the treatment of patients with the suspicion of acute appendicitis. The primary reason is the only marginal improvement of the morbidity in comparison to the conventional technique. In comparison to conventional laparotomy the advantage of the laparoscopic technology is its value as a diagnostic tool. To the background of the international literature the today's differential indication of laparoskopic appendectomy is presented.

Schlüsselworte

Laparoskopie - Appendektomie - Review

Key words

Laparoscopy - appendectomy - review

Literatur

• 1 Semm K. Endoscopic appendectomy.  Endoscopy. 1983;  15 59-64
• 2 Zielke A. Appendizitis - Moderne Diagnostik.  Chirurg. 2002;  73 782-790
• 3 Attwood S E, Hill A D, Murphy P G, Thornton J, Stephens R B. A prospective randomized trial of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy.  Surgery. 1992;  112 497-501
• 4 Tate J JT, Dawson J, Chung S CS, Lau W Y, Li A KC. Laparoscopic versus versus open appendectomy; prospective randomized trial.  Lancet. 1993;  342 633-637
• 5 Kum C K, Ngoi S S, Goh P M, Tekant Y, Isaac J R. Randomized controlled trial comparing laparoscopic and open appendectomy.  Br J Surg. 1993;  80 1599-1600
• 6 Frazee R C, Roberts J W, Symmonds R E. A prospective randomized trial comparing open versus laparoscopic appendectomy.  Ann Surg. 1994;  219 725-731
• 7 Ortega A E, Hunter J G, Peters J H, Swanstrom L L, Schirmer B. A prospective randomised comparison of laparoscopic appendectomy with open appendectomy.  Am J Surg. 1995;  169 208-212
• 8 Martin L C, Puente I, Sosa J L. Open versus laparoscopic appendectomy. A prospective randomized comparison.  Ann Surg. 1995;  222 256-262
• 9 Hansen J B, Smithers B M, Schache D, Wall D R, Miller B J, Menzies B L. Laparoscopy versus open appendectomy: prospective randomized trial.  Wold J Surg. 1996;  20 17-21
• 10 Mutter D, Vix M, Bui A, Evrard S, Tassetti V, Breton J F, Merescaux J. Laparoscopy not recommended for routine appendectomy in men: results of a prospective randomized study.  Surgery. 1996;  120 71-74
• 11 Cox M R, McCall J L, Toouli J, Padbury R T, Wilson T G, Wattchow D A, Langcake M. Prospective randomized comparison of open versus laparoscopic appendectomy in men.  World J Surg. 1996;  20 263-266
• 12 Lejus C, Delile L, Plattner V, Baron M, Guillou S, Heloury Y, Souron R. Randomized single-blinded trial of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in children: effects on postoperative analgesia.  Anesthesiology. 1996;  84 801-806
• 13 Williams M D, Collins J N, Wright T F, Fenoglio M E. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy.  South Med J. 1996;  89 668-674
• 14 Hart R, Rajgopal C, Plewes A, Sweeney J, Davies W, Gray D, Taylor B. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: a prospective randomized trial of 81 patients.  Can J Surg. 1996;  39 457-462
• 15 Reiertsen O, Larsen S, Tondsen E, Edwin B, Faerden A E, Rosseland A R. Randomized controlled trial with sequential design of laparoscopic versus conventional appendectomy.  Br J Surg. 1997;  84 842-847
• 16 Laine S, Rantala A, Gullichsen R, Ovaska J. Laparoscopic appendectomy - is it worthwhile? A prospective randomized study in young women.  Surg Endosc. 1997;  11 95-97
• 17 Macarulla E, Vallet J, Abad J M, Hussein H, Fernandez E, Nieto B. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy: a prospective randomized trial.  Surg Laparosc Endosc. 1997;  7 335-339
• 18 Kazemeier G, de Zeeuw G R, Lange J F, Hop W C, Bonjer H J. Laparoscopic vs open appendectomy. A randomized clinical trial.  Surg Endosc. 1997;  11 336-340
• 19 Minne L, Varner D, Burnell A, Ratzer E, Clark J, Haun W. Laparoscopic vs open appendectomy. Prospective randomized study of outcomes.  Arch Surg. 1997;  132 708-712
• 20 Henle K P, Beller S, Rechner J, Zerz A, Szincz G, Klingler A. Laparoscopic versus conventional appendectomy: a prospective randomized study.  Chirurg. 1996;  67 526-530
• 21 Sezeur A, Bure-Rossier A M, Rio D, Savigny B, Tricot C, Martel P, Baubion O. Does laparoscopy increase the bacteriological risk of appendectomy? Results of a randomized prospective study.  Ann Chir. 1997;  51 243-247
• 22 Bauwens K, Schwenk W, Böhm B, Hasart O, Neudecker J, Müller J M. Recovery and duration of work disability after laparoscopic and conventional appendectomy. A prospective randomized study.  Chirurg. 1998;  69 541-545
• 23 Hay S A. Laparoscopic versus coventional appendectomy in children.  Pediatr Surg Int. 1998;  13 21-23
• 24 Heikkinen T J, Haukipuro K, Hulkko A. Cost-effective appendectomy. Open or laparoscopic? A prospective randomized study.  Surg Endosc. 1998;  12 1204-1208
• 25 Klingler A, Henle K P, Beller S, Rechner J, Zerz A, Wetscher G J, Szinicz G. Laparoscopic appendectomy does not change the incidence of postoperative infectious complications. 1998 175: 232-235
• 26 Hellberg A, Rudberg C, Kullmann E. Prospective randomized multicentre study of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy.  Br J Surg. 1999;  86 48-53
• 27 Kald A, Kullmann E, Andersberg B, Wiren M, Carlson P, Ringqvist I, Rudberg C. Costminimisation analysis of laparoscopic and open appendectomy.  Eur J Surg. 1999;  165 579-582
• 28 Pedersen A G, Petersen O B, Wara P, Ronning H, Qvist N, Laurberg S. Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy.  Br J Surg. 2001;  88 200-205
• 29 Rohr S, Thiry C, de Manzini N, Perrauid V, Meyer C. Laparoscopic vs open appendectomy in men: a prospective randomized study.  Br J Surg. 1994;  81 6-7
• 30 Hebebrand D, Troid H, Spangenberger W, Neugebauer E, Schwalm T, Gunther M. Laparoskopische oder klassische Appendektomie.  Chirurg. 1994;  65 112-120
• 31 Meynaud-Kraemer L M, Colin C, Vergnon P, Barth X. Wound infection in open versus laparoscopic appendectomy.  International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care. 1999;  15 380-391
• 32 Garbutt J M, Soper N J, Shannon W D, Botero A, Littenberg B. Meta- Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing Laparoscopic and open Appendektomy.  Surgical Laparoscopy & Endoscopy. 1999;  9 17-26
• 33 Chung R S, Rowland D Y, Li P aul, Diaz J. A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials of Laparoscopic Versus Conventional Appendectomy.  Am J Surg. 1999;  177 250-256
• 34 Sauerland S, Lefering R, Holthausen U, Neugebauer A M. Laparoscopic vs conventional appendectomy - a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.  Langenbeck's Arch Surg. 1998;  383 289-295
• 35 Golup R, Siddiqui F, Pohl D. Laparoscopic versus open Appendectomy: A Metaanalysis.  Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 1998;  186 545-553
• 36 Temple L KF, Litwin D E, McLeod R S. A meta-analysis of laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in patients suspected of having acute appendicitis.  Can J Surg. 1999;  42 377-383
• 37 Troidl H, Gaitzsch A, Winkler-Wilfurth A, Müller W. Fehler und Gefahren bei der laparoskopischen Appendektomie.  Chirurg. 1993;  64 212-220
• 38 Andersson R E, Hugander A, Thulin A J. Diagnostic accuracy and perforation rate in appendicitis: association with age and sex of the patient and with appendicectomy rate.  Eur J Surg. 1992;  158 37-41
• 39 Blair N P, Bugis S P, Turner L J, MacLeod M M. Review of the pathologic diagnoses of 2216 appendectomy specimens.  J Surg. 1993;  165 61-64
• 40 Lewis F, Holcroft J, Boey J, Dunphy E. Appendicites. A critical review of diagnosis and treatment in 1000 cases.  Arch Surg. 1975;  110 677-680
• 41 Paterson-Brown S, Thompson J N, Eckersley J R, Ponting G A, Dudley H A. Which patients with suspected appendicitis should undergo laparoscopy?.  Br Med Clin Res Ed. 1988;  296 1363-1366
• 42 Pieper R, Kager L, Näsmann P. Acute Appendicitis: a clinical study of 1018 cases of emergency appendectomy.  Acta Chir Scand. 1982;  148 51-55
• 43 Nakhgevany K B, Clarke L E. Acute appendicitis in women of childbearing age.  Arch Surg. 1985;  121 1053-1055
• 44 Horrattas M C, Guyton D P, Wu D. A reappraisal of appendicitis in the elderly.  Am J Surg. 1990;  160 291-294
• 45 Lau W Y, Fan S T, Yiu , TF , Chu K W, Lee J M. Acute appendicitis in the elderly.  Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1985;  161 157-160
• 46 Babaknia A, Parsa H, Woodruff J D. Appendizitis during pregnancy.  Obstet Gynecol. 1977;  50 40-44
• 47 Gomez A, Wood M. Acute appendicitis during pregnancy.  Am J Surg. 1979;  137 180-183
• 48 Horowitz M D, Gomez G A, Santiesteban R. Acute appendicitis during pregnancy: Diagnosis and management.  Arch Surg. 1985;  120 1362-1367
• 49 Mazze R I, Kallen B. Appendectomy during pregnancy: a Swedish registry study of 778 cases.  Obstet Gynecol. 1991;  77 835-840
• 50 Al Milhim A A. Acute appendicitis in pregnancy. A review of 52 cases.  Int Surg. 1996;  81 295-297
• 51 Retzke U, Graf H, Schmidt M. Appendicitis in pregnancy.  Zentralblatt Chir. 1998;  123 61-65
• 52 Squires R A. Surgical considerations in pregnancy.  Audio Gyn Surg. 1998;  45 6-10
• 53 Hunter J G, Swanstrom L, Thornburg K. Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum induces fetal acidosis in a pregnant ewe model.  Surg Endosc. 1995;  9 272-279
• 54 Friedmann J D, Ramsey P S, Ramin K D, Berry C. Pneumoanion and pregnancy loss after second-trimester laparoscopic surgery.  Obstet Gynecol. 2002;  99 512-513
• 55 Holthausen U H, Mettler L, Troidl H. Pregnancy: A contraindication?.  World J Surg. 1999;  23 856-862
• 56 Afflec D G, Handrahan D L, Egger M J, Price R R. The laparoscopic management of appendicitis and cholelithiasis during pregnancy.  Am J Surg. 1999;  178 523-529
• 57 de Perrot M, Jenny A, Morales M, Kohlik M, Morel P. Laparoscopic Appendectomy during pregnancy.  Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2000;  10 368-371
• 58 Geisler J P, Rose S L, Mernitz C S, Warner J L, Hiett A K,. Non-gynecologic laparoscopy in second and third trimester pregnancy: obstetric implications.  JSLS. 1998;  2 235-238
• 59 Lemaire B M, van Erp W F. Laparoscopic surgery during pregancy.  Surg Endosc. 1997;  11 15-18
• 60 Nezhat F R, Tazuke S, Nezhat C H, Seidmann D S, Phillips D R, Nezhat C R. Laparoscopy during pregnancy: a literature review.  JSLS. 1997;  1 17-27
• 61 Posta C G. Laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy: report on two cases.  J Laparoendosc Surg. 1995;  5 203-205
• 62 Schreiber J H. Laparoscopic Appendectomy in pregnancy.  Surg Endosc. 1990;  4 100-102
• 63 Schwartzberg B S, Conyers J A, Moore J A. First trimester of pregnancy laparoscopic procedures.  Surg Endosc. 1997;  11 1216-1217
• 64 Thomas S J, Brisson P. Laparoscopic Appendectomy and cholezystectomy during pregnancy: six case reports.  JSLS. 1998;  2 41-46
• 65 Tracey M, Fletcher H S. Appendicitis in pregnancy.  Am Surg. 2000;  66 555-560
• 66 Guidelines for laparoscopic surgery during pregnancy Surg Endosc 1998 12: 189-190
• 67 Fallon W F, Newman J S, Fallon G L, Malangoni M A. The surgical management of intra-abdominal inflammatory conditions during pregnancy.  Surg Clin North Am. 1995;  75 15-31
• 68 Ohmann C, Franke C, Kraemer M, Yang Q. Neues zur Epidemiologie der akuten Appendizitis.  Chirurg. 2002;  73 769-776
• 69 Lintula H, Kokki H, Vanamo K. Single-blind randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic verus open appendicectomy in children.  Br J Surg. 2001;  88 1264
• 70 Little D C, Custer M D, May B H, Blalock S E, Cooney D R. Laparoscopic appendectomy: An unnecessary and expensive procedure in children?.  J Pediatr Surg. 2002;  37 310-317
• 71 Lavonius M I, Liesjärvi S, Ovaska J, Pajulo O, Ristkari S, Alanen M. Laparoscopic versus open appendectomy in children: A prospective randomized study.  Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2000;  11 235-238
• 72 Kokoska E R, Murayama K M, Silen M L, Miller T A, Dillon P A, Weber T R. A state-wide evaluation of appendectomy in children.  Am J Surg. 1999;  178 537-540
• 73 Meguerditchian A N, Prasil P, Cloutier R, Leclerc S, Peloquin J. Laparoscopic appendectomy in children. A favorable alternative in simple and complicated appendicitis.  J Pediatr Surg. 2002;  37 695-698
• 74 Paya K, Fakhari M, Rauhofer U, Felberbauer F X, Rebhandl W. Open versus laparoscopic appendectomy in children: a comparison of complications.  JSLS. 2000;  4 121-124
• 75 Canty T G, Sr , Collins D, Losasso B, Lynch F, Brown C. Laparoscopic appendectomy for simple and perforated appendicitis in children: the procedure of choice?.  J Pediatr Surg. 2000;  35 1582-1585
• 76 Semm K. Endocoagulation: a new and completely safe medical current for sterilization.  Int J Fertil. 1977;  22 238-242
• 77 Hasson H M. Open laparoscopy: a report of 150 cases.  J Reprod Med. 1974;  12 234-238
• 78 Schäfer M, Lauper M, Krähenbühl L. Trocar and veress needle injuries during laparoscopy.  Surg Endosc. 2001;  15 275-280
• 79 EAES Consensus conference 2001; 9th EAES Congress Maastricht; 2001
• 80 Engstrom L, Fenyo G. Appendicectomy: assessment of stump invagination versus simple ligation: a pospective, randomized trial.  Br J Surg. 1985;  72 971-975
• 81 Jacobs P P, Koeyers G F, Bruyninckx C M. Simple ligation superior to inversion of the appendiceal stump; a prospective randomized study.  Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1992;  136 1020-1024
• 82 Sinha A. Appendicectomy: an assessment on the advisability of stump invagination.  Br J Surg. 1977;  64 499-503
• 83 Street D, Bodai B I, Owens L J, Moore D B. Simple ligation vs stump inversion in appendectomy.  Arch Surg. 1988;  123 689-693
• 84 Mangi A A, Berger D L. Stump appendicitis.  Am Surg. 2000;  66 739-741
• 85 Paik P S, Towson J A, Anthone G J, Ortega A E, Simons A J, Beart R W. Intra-Abdominal Abscesses Following. 
• 86 Krukowski Z H, Irvin S T, Denholm S, Matheson N A. Preventing wound infection after appendicectomy: a review.  Br J Surg. 1988;  75 1023-1027