Zusammenfassung
Das Ziel dieser Untersuchung war, die Effektivität der Endoskopischen Retrograden Cholangiopankreatikographie (ERCP) bei präoperativ bestehendem Verdacht auf eine Choledocholithiasis im Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin zu überprüfen. Gleichzeitig sollten prädiktive pathologische Befunde für das Vorliegen einer Choledocholithiasis an dem untersuchten Patientengut herausgearbeitet werden. Alle zwischen August 2000 und August 2001 aufgrund einer symptomatischen Cholezystolithiasis operativ behandelten Patienten wurden retrospektiv unter folgenden Gesichtspunkten ausgewertet: Alter, Geschlecht, Operationsverfahren, intraoperative Cholangiographie, sonographischer Befund, laborchemische Befunde, Vorliegen einer Choledocholithiasis, Therapie der Choledocholithiasis. Bei 21,4 % der 196 cholezystektomierten Patienten (n = 42) erfolgte eine präoperative ERCP. Bei 19 dieser 42 Patienten ergab sich ein unauffälliger Befund in der ERCP. Der Anteil präoperativer therapeutischer Untersuchungen betrug 47,6 % (n = 20). Bei drei Patienten stellte sich in der präoperativen ERCP ein juxtapapilläres Divertikel dar. Der Anteil laparoskopischer Operationen betrug 69,9 % (n = 137). Bei 85,2 % der Patienten (n = 167) erfolgte eine intraoperative Cholangiographie. Bei vier Patienten wurde eine postoperative ERCP durchgeführt. In drei Fällen war dafür ein positives intraoperatives Cholangiogramm ursächlich. Postinterventionelle Komplikationen wurden bei 4 der 46 untersuchten Patienten verzeichnet (8,7 %). Eine Choledocholithiasis stellte sich bei 12,2 % aller 196 Patienten dar (n = 24). Der pathologische Befund mit dem höchsten positiven Vorhersagewert für das Vorliegen einer Choledocholithiasis war eine sonographisch nachweisbare Dilatation des Ductus hepatocholedochus auf mehr als 8 mm (positiver Vorhersagewert: 75 %). Bei den bestimmten Laborparametern hatte in der vorliegenden Untersuchung ein erhöhtes Serumbilirubin den höchsten positiven Vorhersagewert für das Vorliegen von Gallengangssteinen (positiver Vorhersagewert: 39,2 %).
Abstract
The goal of this study was to examine the effectiveness of endoscopic retrograde choledocho-pancreatography (ERCP) at the Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin in the setting of pre-operative suspicion of choledocholithiasis. The predictive value of various pathologic findings with regard to choledocholithiasis was to be determined in this patient population. All patients treated operatively for symptomatic cholecystolithiasis between August 2000 and August 2001 were evaluated retrospectively for the following variables: age, gender, operative strategy, intra-operative cholangiography, sonographic findings, occurrence of choledocholithiasis. In 21.4 % of 196 patients who underwent cholecystectomy (n = 42) a pre-operative ERCP was performed. In 19 of these 42 patients, no pathology was found on ERCP. The percentage of therapeutic pre-operative investigations was 47.6 % (n = 20). In 3 patients, a juxtapapillary diverticulum was seen. 69.9 % of the operations (n = 137) were performed laparoscopically. 167 patients (85.2 %) underwent intra-operative cholangiography. In 4 patients, the ERCP was performed post-operatively. The indication for 3 of those 4 examinations was an abnormal intra-operative cholangiogram. Complications occurred in 4 of the 46 patients who underwent ERCP (8.7 %). Choledocholithiasis was found in 12.2 % (n = 24) of all 196 patients. The pathologic finding with the highest positive predictive value for the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis was the finding of a dilated common bile duct to more than 8 mm diameter (PPV 75 %). Among laboratory variables investigated in this study, the elevation of serum bilirubin level exhibited the highest positive predictive value (PPV 39.2 %).
Schlüsselwörter
Choledocholithiasis - Cholezystektomie - ERCP - interventionelle Endoskopie - Cholangiographie - Laparoskopie
Key words
Choledocholithiasis - cholecystectomy - ERCP - endoscopic intervention - cholangiography - laparoscopy
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Dr. med. Henryk Thielemann
Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie
Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin-Marzahn
Warenerstr. 7
12683 Berlin
Phone: 0 30/56 81 32 01
Fax: 0 30/56 81 32 03
Email: henrykt@ukb.de