Metoclopramide for Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy: A Prospective Multicenter International Study

Matitiahu Berkovitch; Paul Mazzota; Revital Greenberg; Daniel Elbirt; Antony Addis; Lavinia Schuler-Faccini; Paul Merlob; Judy Arnon; Bracha Stahl; Laura Magee; Myla Moretti; Asher Ornoy

doi:10.1055/s-2002-34469

American Journal of Perinatology, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Am J Perinatol 2002; 19(6): 311-316
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-34469

Metoclopramide for Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy: A Prospective Multicenter International Study

Matitiahu Berkovitch¹ , Paul Mazzota² , Revital Greenberg¹ , Daniel Elbirt¹ , Antony Addis³ , Lavinia Schuler-Faccini⁴ , Paul Merlob⁵ , Judy Arnon⁶ , Bracha Stahl⁵ , Laura Magee² , Myla Moretti² , Asher Ornoy⁶

¹Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
²Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
³Regional Drug Information Center (CRIF), Laboratory for Mother and Child Health, instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ``Mario Negri'' Milan, Italy
⁴Genetics Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
⁵Department of Neonatology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tikva, Israel
⁶Israeli Teratogen Information Service, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Nausea and vomiting are very common during pregnancy, mainly throughout the first trimester. Metoclopramide is a dopamine receptor blocking drug that is commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the effect on the fetus of intrauterine exposure to metoclopramide. One hundred and seventy-five women who received metoclopramide and consulted 6 teratogen information centers in Israel, Italy, Brazil, and Canada were studied. Women exposed to metoclopramide were paired for age, smoking and alcohol consumption habits with women exposed to nonteratogens. Women in the metoclopramide group had a significantly higher rate of premature births (8.1%) as compared with the control group (2.4%) (p = 0.02, relative risk = 3.37, 95% confidence interval 1.12-10.12). Rates of major malformations in the metoclopramide group (4.4%) did not differ from controls (4.8%) (p = 0.84, relative risk = 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.34-2.45). According to our findings, metoclopramide use during the first trimester of pregnancy does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of malformations, spontaneous abortions, or decreased birth weight, however, larger studies are needed to confirm these observations.

KEYWORDS

Metoclopramide - nausea - vomiting - pregnancy

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Referenzen

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