Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: In der Literatur wird seit den dreißiger Jahren ein Zusammenhang zwischen kraniomandibulären
Dysfunktionen (CMD) und Otalgien bzw. Tinnitus diskutiert. Dieser Zusammenhang wird
nach einem der frühesten und vehementesten Vertreter dieser These oft als „Costen
Syndrom” bezeichnet. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages ist es, den derzeitigen Stand
der Diskussion aus zahnärztlicher Sicht darzustellen.
Diagnose/Epidemiologie/Therapie: Eine allgemein gültige Definition für den Begriff CMD existiert nicht. Unterschiedlichen
Autoren fassen eine Vielzahl verschiedener Befunde oder Diagnosen unter der Bezeichnung
CMD zusammen. Ungeachtet einer hohen Prävalenz von CMD und starker Behandlungsnachfrage
fehlt es an einer allgemein akzeptierten Standardtherapie.
Schlussfolgerungen: Das Fehlen klarer Definitionen und Standards ist das Haupthindernis bei der Beweisführung
eines kausalen Zusammenhanges zwischen CMD und Otalgien bzw. Tinnitus. Dennoch wird
bei Vorliegen einer Otalgie nach Ausschluss von Ursachen im HNO-ärztlichen Bereich
im Einzelfall eine Abklärung durch einen Zahnarzt mit Erfahrung auf dem Gebiet der
Funktionsdiagnostik als sinnvoll angesehen.
Abstract
Introduction: Since the thirties the hypothesis of a direct connection between temporomandibular
disorders (TMD) and tinnitus/otalgia has been discussed. The thesis of this possible
connection is often named after one of the earliest and most vehement supporters as
„Costen Syndrome”. This review is aimed to elucidate the present state of the discussion
from the Dentist's point of view.
Diagnosis/Epidemiology/Therapy of TMD: Diagnostic research criteria which define TMD are not standardized. Despite high
prevalence and strong demand for treatment of TMD there is still a lack of a commonly
accepted standard therapy and the potential benefit from a therapeutic point of view
is still controversial.
TMD and Tinnitus/Otalgia : Concurrence of TMD and tinnitus by a common underlying cause is still unproven.
By contrast a causal link between certain forms of TMD and otalgia is obvious.
Conclusion: A lack of clear definitions and standards for the diagnosis of TMD is the main hinderance
to prove a causal relationship especially between TMD otalgia. However patients seeking
care for otalgia with no identifiable otologic cause may benefit from dental therapy.
Therefore future studies should focus on well defined subgroups of TMD to investigate
a link between otalgia/tinnitus and TMD.
Schlüsselwörter
Otalgie - Tinnitus - Kraniomandibuläre Dysfunktion - CMD - TMD
Key words
Otalgia - Tinnitus - Temporomandibular-Joint-Disorder - CMD - TMD
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Dr. Hartwig Seedorf
Universitäts-Krankenhaus Eppendorf · Klinik- und Poliklinik für Zahn-, Mund- und Kieferkrankheiten
· Abteilung für Zahnärztliche Prothetik
Martinistraße 52 · 20246 Hamburg ·
Email: seedorf@uke.uni-hamburg.de