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DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-12870
Stimulation der Immunglobulin-E-Bildung bei chronischer Pankreatitis durch Alkoholaufnahme und exokrine Pankreasinsuffizienz
Stimulation of Immunoglobulin E production in chronic pancreatitis by alcohol consumption and exocrine pancreatic insufficiencyPublikationsverlauf
28.8.2000
24.1.2001
Publikationsdatum:
31. Dezember 2001 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Viele Personen mit chronischer Pankreatitis (CP) berichten trotz Einhalten einer fett- und alkoholarmen Ernährung über Unverträglichkeiten von bestimmten Mahlzeiten. Da bei CP bislang keine Untersuchungen zur Serumkonzentration des Immunglobulins E (IgE) vorliegen, erfolgte bei 97 Personen mit CP und 50 Kontrollpersonen die Messung des IgE. Die IgE-Bestimmung wurde mit einem Fluoreszenz-Enzym-Immunoassay durchgeführt.
Bei CP konnten signifikant erhöhte Serum-IgE-Spiegel (Mittelwert ± SEM; 286,1 ± 49 KU/L; p < 0,0001) im Vergleich zu Kontrollpersonen (65,2 ± 13 KU/L) festgestellt werden.
Alkoholabstinente Personen mit CP und normaler Pankreasfunktion wiesen im Vergleich zu Kontrollpersonen nur leicht erhöhte IgE-Werte auf (120,2 ± 54 KU/L), während bei Personen mit durch Enzymsubstitution behandelter Pankreasinsuffizienz die IgE-Spiegel bei 153,7 ± 51 KU/L lagen und nichtsubstituierte Patienten mit manifester exokriner Insuffizienz IgE-Werte von 261,0 ± 173 KU/L (p = 0,01) hatten. Noch deutlich höher lagen die IgE-Spiegel bei den entsprechenden Gruppen mit fortgesetztem Alkoholkonsum (> 25 g/Tag). Alkohol trinkende Patienten mit CP und normaler Pankreasfunktion zeigten einen Serum-IgE-Wert von 295,0 ± 114 KU/L, während pankreasinsuffiziente, aber substituierte Personen mit Alkoholkonsum bei 393,7 ± 147 KU/L (p = 0,03) lagen. Nichtsubstituierte, Alkohol konsumierende Personen mit CP und manifester exokriner Pankreasinsuffizienz hatten im Vergleich zu alkoholabstinenten Patienten mit CP und normaler Pankreasfunktion fast 10fach erhöhte IgE-Spiegel (1080,0 ± 313 KU/L; p = 0,001).
Bei nichtallergischen Personen mit CP sind somit die Serum-IgE-Spiegel erhöht, insbesondere, wenn noch Alkohol konsumiert wird. Da Personen mit kompletter Alkoholkarenz und ausreichender Pankreasenzymsubstitution deutlich niedrigere IgE-Spiegel aufweisen als exokrin insuffiziente Patienten mit CP, wird der Schluss gezogen, dass die Pankreasinsuffizienz in Verbindung mit Alkoholkonsum zu einer erhöhten intestinalen Antigenbelastung führt, die eine abnorme humorale Immunantwort mit verstärkter IgE-Produktion stimuliert. Als Ursache hierfür kommen ein verminderter Antigenabbau (exokrine Pankreasinsuffizienz) sowie eine gestörte Mukosaschranke (Alkohol) in Betracht.
Stimulation of Immunoglobulin E production in chronic pancreatitis by alcohol consumption and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Many patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) complain of several types of food intolerance despite elimination of fat and alcohol. Since there are no data on serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentrations in CP, IgE concentrations in serum were detected in 97 persons with CP and 50 controls. IgE was analyzed by the use of a highly sensitive fluoro-enzyme-immunoassay.
In CP, a significantly raised IgE level (mean ± SEM; 286.1 ± 49 KU/L; p < 0.0001) was detected compared with controls (65.2 ± 13 KU/L).
CP-patients without alcohol consumption and normal exocrine pancreatic function were found to have only slightly elevated serum IgE values (120.2 ± 54 KU/L), whereas patients with exocrine insufficiency treated with enzyme supplementation showed an IgE level of 153.7 ± 51 and exocrine insufficient patients without treatment of 261.0 ± 173 KU/L (p = 0.01). IgE levels were far more elevated in the corresponding groups with continued alcohol consumption (> 25 g/day). Alcohol consuming patients with CP and normal pancreatic function had a mean serum IgE of 295.0 ± 114 KU/L, while patients with alcohol consumption and sufficiently treated exocrine pancreatic insufficiency showed a serum IgE of 393.7 ± 147 KU/L (p = 0.03). Non-enzyme supplemented patients with CP and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency were characterized by approximately 10-fold increased serum IgE (1080.0 ± 313 KU/L; p = 0.001).
Non-allergic, alcohol consuming patients with CP have significantly increased serum IgE values. Since patients without alcohol consumption and normal pancreatic function or sufficiently treated exocrine insufficiency showed clearly lower IgE values than non-compliant patients with manifest exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, these results are compatible with the assumption that a reduced rate of antigen digestion in exocrine pancreatic insufficiency may lead to an increased intestinal antigen load, stimulating an abnormal humoral immune response with IgE production. Alcohol may further contribute to this by damaging the mucosal barrier.
Schlüsselwörter
Immunglobulin E - chronische Pankreatitis - Alkohol - Pankreasinsuffizienz
Key words
Chronische Pankreatitis - IgE - Alkohol - Pankreasinsuffizienz
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Anschrift für die Verfasser
PD Dr. med. Martin Raithel
Funktionelle Gewebediagnostik Med. Klinik I
Universität
Erlangen-Nürnberg
Krankenhausstraße 12
91054 Erlangen
eMail: Martin.Raithel@med1.imed.uni-erlangen.de