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DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-7442
Cholestatische Hepatitis als seltene Nebenwirkung einer Therapie mit Ticlopidin
Publication History
12.4.1999
20.12.1999
Publication Date:
31 December 2000 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ein 71-jähriger Patient mit bekanntem chronischem Vorhofflimmern stand bei einem Zustand nach rechtszerebralem Insult mit sekundärer Einblutung unter einer Aspirintherapie. Sechs Jahre später war eine linkshirnige transitorisch ischämische Attacke aufgetreten. Wegen der stattgehabten zerebralen Blutung wurde keine orale Antikoagulierung eingeleitet, sondern Aspirin durch Ticlopidin ersetzt. 40 Tage später erfolgte die stationäre Aufnahme in unsere Abteilung aufgrund von abdominellen Beschwerden und eines schmerzlosen Ikterus. Anamnestisch war es nach 14-tägiger Einnahme von Ticlopidin zu Durchfällen, zu lehmfarbenem Stuhl und zur Verfärbung des Urins gekommen, weswegen Ticlopidin vom Patienten abgesetzt wurde. Laborchemisch waren die Cholestaseparameter deutlich erhöht (γ-GT 143 U/l, alk. Phosphatase 305 U/l, Bilirubin gesamt 18,6 mg/dl), die Transaminasen waren um das 2,7fache vermehrt. Bei unauffälliger Oberbauchsonographie erfolgte nach Ausschluss eines Virusinfektes und normalen immunologischen Parametern die Leberbiopsie (Bild der ausgeprägten zentroazinären Cholestase), durch die der Verdacht einer medikamentös toxischen Ursache erhärtet werden konnte. 79 Tage nach Absetzen von Ticlopidin lagen die laborchemischen Parameter wieder im Normbereich.
Nachdem es in den letzten Jahren zu einer deutlichen Zunahme der Verschreibung von Ticlopidin im Rahmen der Prävention von arteriellen Thrombosen gekommen ist, ist auch mit einem häufigeren Auftreten von Nebenwirkungen zu rechnen. Patienten, bei denen eine Dauertherapie geplant ist, sollten in den ersten 3 Monaten regelmäßig klinisch und laborchemisch nachbeobachtet werden, um auch seltene Nebenwirkungen wie die cholestatische Hepatitis rechtzeitig erkennen zu können.
(Cholestatic hepatitis due to a therapy with ticlopidine)
A 71-year-old man with chronic atrial fibrillation was treated with aspirin because of a right cerebral infarction. Oral anticoagulation was not initiated because of a secondary hemorrhagic transformation. Six years later after a left cerebral transient ischemic attack aspirin was replaced by ticlopidine. Two weeks after starting ticlopidine he experienced abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Also dark urine and gray-colored stools were noticed, so that the patient stopped taking ticlopidine. 40 days after starting ticlopidine he was admitted to our hospital because of cholestatic jaundice. Serum alkaline phosphatase (305 U/l) and γ GT (143 U/l) were elevated, the total bilirubin was 18,6 mg/dl at peak. GOT and GPT were 2,7 fold increased. After exclusion of a viral infection and autoimmune disease liver biopsy was performed, which showed a centroacinar cholestasis compatible with a drug-induced liver damage. 79 days after discontinuation of the drug laboratory signs of cholestasis had disappeared.
In patients in whom long-term therapy with ticlopidine is indicated regularly laboratory tests and clinical examinations should be done to recognize infrequent side effects such as the cholestatic hepatitis in time.
Schlüsselwörter
Cholestatische Hepatitis - Ticlopidin
Key words
Cholestatic Hepatitis - Ticlopidine
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