Download PDF
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2018; 68(07): 281-289
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-115003
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Bio-psycho-soziale Charakteristika und therapeutische Aspekte bei Methamphetamin-abhängigen Frauen – Gendersensible Ergebnisse einer systematischen Literaturrecherche

Bio-Psycho-Social Characteristics and Therapeutic Aspects of Methamphetamine-Dependent Women – Gender Specific Results of a Systematic Literature Search
Stefanie Neumann
1   Fachbereich Soziale Arbeit, Bildung und Erziehung, Hochschule Neubrandenburg
2   Medizinische Fakultat, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
,
Michael Soyka
2   Medizinische Fakultat, Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
3   Medical Park Chiemseeblick, Bernau-Felden
,
Andreas G. Franke
1   Fachbereich Soziale Arbeit, Bildung und Erziehung, Hochschule Neubrandenburg
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

eingereicht 09 February 2017

akzeptiert 20 June 2017

Publication Date:
24 August 2017 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand Methamphetamin (MethA) wird im Verhältnis zu anderen illegalen Drogen tendenziell häufiger von Frauen als Männern konsumiert. Unter Annahme des bio-psycho-sozialen Ätiologie-Modells beruht die Abhängigkeit auf biologischen, psychischen und sozialen Faktoren, in denen sich Frauen und Männer unterscheiden. Systematische genderdifferenzierte Erkenntnisse, die einen wichtigen Einfluss auf therapeutische Maßnahmen haben, fehlen allerdings noch.

Methode Die Übersicht basiert auf einer Datenbank-Recherche (PUBMED) zu biologischen, psychischen, sozialen sowie therapeutischen Aspekten bei von MethA abhängigen Frauen.

Ergebnisse MethA-induzierte kognitive Störungen scheinen bei Frauen stärker ausgeprägt zu sein als bei Männern. Ihr Lebensstil ist oft von aktiver und passiver (sexualisierter) Gewalt geprägt. Sie zeigen ein erhöhtes sexuelles Risikoverhalten; v. a. durch ungeschützten Verkehr mit mehreren Partnern. Psychiatrische Komorbiditäten scheinen quantitativ ausgeprägter zu sein und betreffen v. a. Angststörungen und depressive Syndrome.

Schlussfolgerung und Klinische Relevanz Missbrauch und Abhängigkeit von MethA werden bei Frauen von psychischen als auch sozialen Faktoren determiniert. Es bedarf aber weiterer gendersensibler Forschungen, um die Prävention, Beratung und Therapie zu verbessern.

Abstract

Subject Compared to other illicit drugs Methamphetamine (MethA) is used more frequently by women than by men. Assuming the biopsychosocial etiology model, the dependency is based on several factors in which women and men differ significantly. Systematic gender-differentiated knowledge is missing until today.

Method Based on a database research (PUBMED) the review examines biological, social and psychological as well as therapeutic aspects in MethA-dependent women.

Results MethA-induced cognitive disturbance appear to have severer manifestations in women than in men. MethA-addicted women’s lifestyle is often characterized by active and passive (sexualized) violence. They show an increased risk behavior; i. e. unprotected sexual intercourse with several partners. Their psychological comorbidities seem to be more pronounced and especially affect anxiety disorders and depressive syndromes.

Conclusion and clinical relevance In women, abuse and dependence of MethA are determined by psychological as well as social factors. However, further research is needed to improve prevention, counseling and therapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Crystal Meth - Frauen - Methamphetamin - Psychostimulanzien - Geschlecht

Key words

crystal meth - women - gender - psychostimulants - methamphetamine
 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Boeri M. Women on ice: Methamphetamine use among suburban women. Rutgers University Press; 2013
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Deutsche Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen e.V. Methamphetamin. Arbeitshilfe für Beraterinnen und Berater zum Umgang mit Methamphetamin konsumierenden Klientinnen und Klienten. Hamm. 2016
    PubMed
  • 3 Drogenbeauftragte der Bundesregierung . Drogen-und Suchtbericht. Berlin: Drogenbeauftragte der Bundesregierung; 2016
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Sächsische Landesstelle gegen die Suchtgefahren (SLS). Bericht der Suchtkrankenhilfe in Sachsen 2016. http://www.slsev.de/Sucht2016. pdf abgerufen 04.05.2017
    PubMed
  • 5 Piontek D, de Matos EG, Atzendorf J. et al. Substanzkonsum und Hinweise auf klinisch relevanten Konsum in Bayern, Hamburg, Hessen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Sachsen und Thüringen. Ergebnisse des Epidemiologischen Suchtsurvey 2015. München: Institut für Therapieforschung München; 2017
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Brand H, Künzel J, Braun B. Suchthilfe in Deutschland. Jahresbericht der deutschen Suchthilfestatistik (DSHS). München: IFT Institut für Therapieforschung; 2014
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Hamdorf W, Susemihl I, Dommert A. Crystal und Speed: Herausforderung für die Entwöhnungsbehandlung drogenabhängiger Menschen. Sucht aktuell 2014; 21: 46-48
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Kreutler A, Weissinger V. Zur Behandlung von Crystal-Abhängigkeit in der Drogenrehabilitation: Ein aktueller Einblick. Sucht aktuell 2015; 22: 94-96
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Dilling H, Freyberger HJ. Taschenführer zur ICD-10-Klassifikation psychischer Störungen. Bern: Huber; 2012
    Google Scholar
  • 10 American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostisches und statistisches Manual psychischer Störungen DSM-5. Göttingen: Hogrefe; 2015
    Google Scholar
  • 11 Türk D, Bühringer G. Psychische und soziale Ursachen der Sucht. Internist 1999; 40: 583-589
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Engel GL. The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. Holistic Medicine 1989; 4: 37-53
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Härtel-Petri R, Haupt H. Crystal meth: wie eine droge unser Land überschwemmt. München: FinanzBuch Verlag; 2014
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Wetzel W, Rothe A. „Suchtberatung anders “–Veränderungsbedarfe in der ambulanten Suchthilfe durch Crystal Meth. Suchttherapie 2016; 17: 22-26
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction . Exploring methamphetamine trends in Europe. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union; 2014
    Google Scholar
  • 16 Barsch G. „Crystal-Meth“: Einblicke in den Lebens-und Konsumalltag mit der Modedroge „Crystal“. Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers; 2014
    Google Scholar
  • 17 Milin S, Lotzin A, Degkwitz P. et al. Sachbericht Amphetamin und Methamphetamin–Personengruppen mit missbräuchlichem Konsum und Ansatzpunkte für präventive Maßnahmen. Hamburg: Zentrum für Interdisziplinäre Suchtforschung (ZIS) der Universität Hamburg; 2014
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Piontek D, Pfeiffer-Gerschel T, Jakob L. et al. Sachbericht Sekundäranalysen im Rahmen des BMG-Projekts „Missbrauch von Amphetaminen in Deutschland: Studie zur Motivation und zu den Konsumgewohnheiten von missbräuchlich Amphetaminkonsumierenden“. München: IFT Institut für Therapieforschung; 2014
    Google Scholar
  • 19 Barsch G, Walta J. Baukasten für eine Drogensprechstunde. Lengerich: Pabst; 2016
    Google Scholar
  • 20 Cohen JB, Greenberg R, Uri J. et al. Women with methamphetamine dependence: research on etiology and treatment. J Psychoactive Drugs 2007; Suppl 4: 347-351
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Drogenbeauftragte der Bundesregierung, Bundesministerium für Gesundheit (BMG), Bundesärztekammer (BÄK) Arbeitsgemeinschaft der deutschen Ärztekammern . et al. S3-Leitlinie Methamphetamin-bezogene Störungen. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer; 2016
    Google Scholar
  • 22 Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Daumann J. Neurotoxicity of drugs of abuse–the case of methylenedioxyamphetamines (MDMA, ecstasy), and amphetamines. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2009; 11: 305-317
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Fleckenstein AE, Volz TJ, Riddle EL. et al. New insights into the mechanism of action of amphetamines. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2007; 47: 681-698
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Soyka M. Drogennotfälle. Diagnostik, klinisches Erscheinungsbild. Stuttgart: Schattauer; 2010
    Google Scholar
  • 25 Dluzen DE, Liu B. Gender differences in methamphetamine use and responses: a review. Gend Med 2008; 5: 24-35
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Hadamitzky M, McCunney S, Markou A. et al. Development of stereotyped behaviors during prolonged escalation of methamphetamine self-administration in rats. Psychopharmacology 2012; 223: 259-269
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Iversen L. Speed, Ecstasy, Ritalin: Amphetamine-Theorie und Praxis. Bern: Huber Hogrefe; 2009
    Google Scholar
  • 28 Mahoney JJ, Hawkins RY, De La Garza R. et al. Relationship between gender and psychotic symptoms in cocaine-dependent and methamphetamine-dependent participants. Gend Med 2010; 7: 414-421
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Liu D, Wang Z, Chu T. et al. Gender difference in the characteristics of and high-risk behaviours among non-injecting heterosexual methamphetamine users in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. BMC Public Health 2013; 13: 30
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Hser YI, Evans E, Huang YC. Treatment outcomes among women and men methamphetamine abusers in California. J Subst Abuse Treat 2005; 28: 77-85
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Brecht ML, O’Brien A, von Mayrhauser C. et al. Methamphetamine use behaviors and gender differences. Addict Behav 2004; 29: 89-106
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Simpson JL, Grant KM, Daly PM. et al. Psychological burden and gender differences in methamphetamine-dependent individuals in treatment. J Psychoactive Drugs 2016; 48: 261-269
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Cheng WS, Garfein RS, Semple SJ. et al. Differences in sexual risk behaviors among male and female HIV-seronegative heterosexual methamphetamine users. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2009; 35: 295-300
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Rahmatizadeh M, Khodabakhshi Koolaee A. The association between family flexibility, food preoccupation and body image among crystal abuser women. Int J High Risk Behav Addict 2012; 1: 126-131
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Rusyniak DE. Neurologic manifestations of chronic methamphetamine abuse. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2013; 36: 261-275
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Homer BD, Solomon TM, Moeller RW. et al. Methamphetamine abuse and impairment of social functioning: a review of the underlying neurophysiological causes and behavioral implications. Psychol Bull 2008; 134: 301
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Jayanthi S, Deng X, Noailles P-AH. et al. Methamphetamine induces neuronal apoptosis via cross-talks between endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria-dependent death cascades. FASEB J 2004; 18: 238-251
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Cobb Scott J, Woods SP, Matt GE. et al. Neurocognitive effects of methamphetamine: a critical review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychol Rev 2007; 17: 275-297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Nordahl TE, Salo R, Leamon M. Neuropsychological effects of chronic methamphetamine use on neurotransmitters and cognition: a review. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2003; 15: 317-325
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Ornstein T, Iddon J, Baldacchino A. et al. Profiles of cognitive dysfunction in chronic amphetamine and heroin abusers. Neuropsychopharmacology 2000; 23: 113-126
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Salo R, Nordahl TE, Possin K. et al. Preliminary evidence of reduced cognitive inhibition in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. Psychiatry Res 2002; 111: 65-74
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Simon SL, Domier C, Carnell J. et al. Cognitive impairment in individuals currently using methamphetamine. Am J Addict 2000; 9: 222-231
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 van der Plas EA, Crone EA, van den Wildenberg WP. et al. Executive control deficits in substance-dependent individuals: a comparison of alcohol, cocaine, and methamphetamine and of men and women. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2009; 31: 706-719
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Salo R, Nordahl TE, Galloway GP. et al. Drug abstinence and cognitive control in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. J Subst Abuse Treat 2009; 37: 292-297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Simon SL, Dacey J, Glynn S. et al. The effect of relapse on cognition in abstinent methamphetamine abusers. J Subst Abuse Treat 2004; 27: 59-66
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Ersche KD, Turton AJ, Chamberlain SR. et al. Cognitive dysfunction and anxious-impulsive personality traits are endophenotypes for drug dependence. Am J Psychiatry 2012; 169: 926-936
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Franke A, Soyka M. [Pharmacological cognitive enhancement from a perspective of misuse and addiction]. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2015; 83: 83-90
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Miller J, Carbone-Lopez K, Gunderman MV. et al. Gendered narratives of self, addiction, and recovery among women methamphetamine users. Narrative Criminology. In: Presser L, Sandberg S. Eds. Understanding Stories of Crime. New York: New York University Press; 2015: 69-95 DOI: 10.18574/nyu/9781479876778.003.0004
    Google Scholar
  • 49 Broom D, Stevens A. Doubly deviant: Women using alcohol and other drugs. Int J Drug Policy 1991; 2: 25-27
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Loza O, Ramos R, Ferreira-Pinto J. et al. A qualitative exploration of perceived gender differences in methamphetamine use among women who use methamphetamine on the Mexico-U.S. border. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2016; 15: 405-424
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Cohen JB, Dickow A, Horner K. et al. Abuse and violence history of men and women in treatment for methamphetamine dependence. Am J Addict 2003; 12: 377-385
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Simpson JL, Grant KM, Daly PM. et al. Psychological burden and gender differences in methamphetamine-dependent individuals in treatment. J Psychoactive Drugs 2016; 48: 261-269
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Watt MH, Guidera KE, Hobkirk AL. et al. Intimate partner violence among men and women who use methamphetamine: A mixed-methods study in South Africa. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016; DOI: 10.1111/dar.12420.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Abdul-Khabir W, Hall T, Swanson AN. et al. Intimate partner violence and reproductive health among methamphetamine-using women in los angeles: a qualitative pilot study. J Psychoactive Drugs 2014; 46: 310-316
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 McAvoy B. Guest Editorial: Methamphetamine–what primary care practitioners need to know. J Prim Health Care 2009; 1: 170-176
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Haight W, Ostler T, Black J. et al. A child’s-eye view of parent methamphetamine abuse: Implications for helping foster families to succeed. Child Youth Serv Rev 2007; 29: 1-15
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Haight WL, Carter-Black JD, Sheridan K. Mothers’ experience of methamphetamine addiction: A case-based analysis of rural, midwestern women. Child Youth Serv Rev 2009; 31: 71-77
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Klein M, Dyba DPJ, Moesgen D. et al. Crystal Meth und Familie–Zur Analyse der Lebenssituation und des Hilfebedarfs betroffener Kinder. Abschlussbericht an das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit. Köln: Katholische Hochschule Nordrhein-Westfalen; 2016
    Google Scholar
  • 59 McKetin R, McLaren J, Lubman DI. et al. The prevalence of psychotic symptoms among methamphetamine users. Addiction 2006; 101: 1473-1478
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Panenka WJ, Procyshyn RM, Lecomte T. et al. Methamphetamine use: a comprehensive review of molecular, preclinical and clinical findings. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013; 129: 167-179
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Semple SJ, Grant I, Patterson TL. Female methamphetamine users: social characteristics and sexual risk behavior. Women Health 2004; 40: 35-50
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 62 Glasner-Edwards S, Mooney LJ, Marinelli-Casey P. et al. Anxiety disorders among methamphetamine dependent adults: association with post-treatment functioning. Am J Addict 2010; 19: 385-390
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 63 Vik PW. Methamphetamine use by incarcerated women: comorbid mood and anxiety problems. Womens Health Issues 2007; 17: 256-263
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 64 Glasner-Edwards S, Marinelli-Casey P, Hillhouse M. et al. Depression among methamphetamine users: association with outcomes from the Methamphetamine Treatment Project at 3-year follow-up. J Nerv Ment Dis 2009; 197: 225
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 65 Salo R, Flower K, Kielstein A. et al. Psychiatric comorbidity in methamphetamine dependence. Psychiatry Res 2011; 186: 356-361
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 66 Semple SJ, Zians J, Strathdee SA. et al. Psychosocial and behavioral correlates of depressed mood among female methamphetamine users. J Psychoactive Drugs 2007; Suppl 4: 353-366
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 67 Tajar ZF, Zakeripour GR, Kazemi M. et al. The comparison of personality characteristics between men and women related to methamphetamine, a cross-sectional study. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 2016; 3: 522-526
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 68 Hojjat SK, Golmakani E, Bayazi MH. et al. Personality traits and identity styles in methamphetamine-dependent women: a comparative study. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8: 14-20
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 69 Stahlman S, Javanbakht M, Stirland A. et al. Methamphetamine use among women attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Los Angeles County. Sex Transm Dis 2013; 40: 632-638
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 70 Lorvick J, Martinez A, Gee L. et al. Sexual and injection risk among women who inject methamphetamine in San Francisco. J Urban Health 2006; 83: 497-505
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 71 Ludwig-Barron N, Wagner KD, Syvertsen JL. et al. “When you get old like this… you don’t run those risks anymore”: influence of age on sexual risk behaviors and condom use attitudes among methamphetamine-using heterosexual women with a history of partner violence. Womens Health Issues 2014; 24: 620-628
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 72 Lorvick J, Bourgois P, Wenger LD. et al. Sexual pleasure and sexual risk among women who use methamphetamine: a mixed methods study. Int J Drug Policy 2012; 23: 385-392
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 73 Mühlig S, Haarig F, Gusakova A. et al. Auswirkungen pränatalen Crystal Meth Konsums auf das Kind–eine systematische Literaturrecherche. Suchttherapie 2015; 16: S_31_03
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 74 Brecht ML, Herbeck DM. Pregnancy and fetal loss reported by methamphetamine-using women. Subst Abuse 2014; 8: 25-33
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 75 Wouldes TA, LaGasse LL, Derauf C. et al. Co-morbidity of substance use disorder and psychopathology in women who use methamphetamine during pregnancy in the US and New Zealand. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013; 127: 101-107
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 76 Terplan M, Smith EJ, Kozloski MJ. et al. Methamphetamine use among pregnant women. Obstet Gynecol 2009; 113: 1285-1291
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 77 Slamberova R, Charousova P. Methamphetamine–a drug of pregnant female drug addicts. Cesk Fysiol 2008; 57: 15-23
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 78 Chomchai C, Chomchai S, Kitsommart R. Transfer of methamphetamine (MA) into breast milk and urine of postpartum women who smoked MA tablets during pregnancy: implications for initiation of breastfeeding. J Hum Lact 2016; 32: 333-339
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 79 Sakai K, Iwadate K, Maebashi K. et al. Infant death associated with maternal methamphetamine use during pregnancy and delivery: A case report. Leg Med 2015; 17: 409-414
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 80 Soyka M, Koller G, Proebstl L. et al. Prävalenz und Therapie bei Abhängigkeit von Methamphetamin („Crystal “). Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2017; 85: 92-99
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 81 Lee NK, Rawson RA. A systematic review of cognitive and behavioural therapies for methamphetamine dependence. Drug Alcohol Rev 2008; 27: 309-317
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 82 Korcha RA, Polcin DL, Evans K. et al. Intensive motivational interviewing for women with concurrent alcohol problems and methamphetamine dependence. J Subst Abuse Treat 2014; 46: 113-119
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 83 MacMaster SA. Perceptions of need, service use, and barriers to service access among female methamphetamine users in rural Appalachia. Soc Work Public Health 2013; 28: 109-118
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar