„Etwas mehr Vertrauen, dass ich es schaffe …“

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Pflegende Angehörige (PA) übernehmen in der ambulanten Palliativversorgung wichtige Versorgungsaufgaben und erleben hohe Belastungen. Inwieweit können sie von Teams der spezialisierten ambulanten Palliativversorgung (SAPV-Teams) unterstützt werden?

Methodik Es wurden 13 qualitative Interviews mit Angehörigen von Patienten in der spezialisierten ambulanten Palliativversorgung (SAPV) geführt. Die Auswertung erfolgte anhand der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring.

Ergebnisse Auf einer (1) pflegerisch-praktischen Ebene können SAPV-Teams durch Wissensvermittlung zur Umsetzung einfacher Pflegetätigkeiten befähigen und Selbstvertrauen stärken, auf einer (2) organisatorisch-koordinativen Ebene können sie PA bei Aufbau und Koordination des Versorgungsnetzes entlasten, während (3) die psychosozialen Belastungen der Angehörigen nur indirekt von den SAPV-Teams bearbeitet werden.

Schlussfolgerung PA sind in der ambulanten Palliativversorgung aktiver Teil des Versorgungsnetzwerks und Menschen mit eigenem Unterstützungsbedarf. Als Pflegende können sie durch SAPV-Teams punktuell entlastet werden, während ihre psychosozialen Bedürfnisse nur eingeschränkt durch die spezialisierten Teams abgedeckt werden.

Abstract

Background In palliative home care, family caregivers perform important care tasks, but also suffer heavy burdens. In what ways can specialised palliative home care teams (PCT) support them?

Methods Thirteen qualitative interviews with family caregivers in a palliative home care setting were conducted and analysed using qualitative content analysis according to Mayring.

Results (1) In the dimension of practical care, PCT can enable family caregivers to perform simple nursing tasks and increase their self-confidence by providing knowledge and advice, (2) in organisation and coordination, PCT can help build the care network and coordinate the healthcare professionals involved, but (3) at the psychosocial level, PCT have less and only indirect options to relieve the burden of family caregivers.

Conclusions In palliative home care, family caregivers are, on the one hand, part of the care network, and on the other, persons themselves in need of support. They selectively receive support from PCT regarding nursing tasks, but their need for psychosocial support is only to a small degree covered by PCT.

Schlüsselwörter

SAPV - pflegende Angehörige - qualitative Methoden - Versorgungsforschung - Palliativversorgung

Keywords

palliative care - family caregiver - qualitative methods - palliative care team

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