Zusammenfassung
Auch durch die Fortschritte der heutigen Medizin ist es nicht immer möglich, eine
Amputation zu verhindern. Die wesentliche und schwierigste Aufgabe in der Amputationschirurgie
ist es, die richtige Indikation zu stellen und für jeden Patienten individuell zu
entscheiden. Die anschließende Prothesenversorgung bleibt eine Herausforderung, um
den steigenden Ansprüchen des Betroffenen standzuhalten.
Abstract
Despite modern conservative and surgical procedures, the number of amputations of
the lower limb remains at a consistently high level. With the demographic changes
and the consequent prevalence of atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus, there is a
steady increase of the risk factors that can lead to an amputation. The cause, which
ultimately leads to the loss of the affected limb is therefore a symptom of the underlying
disease. Primarily, the purpose of any medical treatment is the prevention of any
amputation. If the preservation of the limb is not achievable, the surgical procedure
follows. In principle the preparation of the stump should be as peripheral as possible.
The actual prosthetic fitting starts with the dimension and the impression (negative-copy)
of the prosthesis a few weeks following surgery. The technical requirements of a prosthesis
will depend on the degree of mobility and the medical history of the patient. Prosthetic
adjustments are available for all amputation levels and activities. The essential
basic modules of a modern prosthesis can be combined and exchanged freely, so as to
allow a change of function, form and axis. The aim of rehabilitation is the full reintegration
into daily life. Especially young patients can provide amazing professional and athletic
achievements.
Schlüsselwörter
Amputation - Exoprothese - untere Extremität - Mobilitätsgrad - Stumpf
Key words
amputation - prosthesis - lower limb - stump - artificial limb
