Zika-Virus und das Nervensystem

Zusammenfassung

Die in den letzten Monaten in den Medien und vor allem in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur intensiv geführte Diskussion um die globale Bedeutung der Zika-Virus-Infektion ist Anlass, diese auch für die Neurologie relevante Infektionskrankheit näher zu beleuchten. Zika-Viren sind seit Jahrzehnten in Afrika und Asien bekannte Auslöser einer fieberhaften Allgemein-Erkrankung. Internationale Aufmerksamkeit erlangte dieser Infektionserreger durch eine epidemieartige sehr rasche Ausbreitung in bisher nicht betroffene Regionen, wie Polynesien, den amerikanischen Kontinent und Europa in einer bis dato nicht gekannten Geschwindigkeit und Intensität, und dies vor dem Hintergrund von 4 bedeutenden Ereignissen: 1. Olympische Sommerspiele in Brasilien 2. Assoziation einer „Epidemie“ von schweren kongenitalen Fehlbildung mit intrauteriner Zika-Virus-Infektion 3. Nachweis von Zika-Viren aus dem Liquor bei Enzephalopathie (Enzephalitis?) PatientInnen 4. Assoziation einer vorausgehenden Zika-Virus Infektion mit Guillain-Barre Syndrom.

Abstract

In the past few months, Zika virus has been the subject of intense discussion both in the media and scientific circles. Recently, the WHO declared this viral infection to be a global public health emergency. 4 major reasons warrant a detailed discussion of this disease, as has been done in this journal, in the interest of both the public and neurologists. 1. Rapid worldwide spread in view of mass events, e. g. Olympic Summer Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 2. Association of Zika virus epidemic with severe congenital malformations, e. g. microcephaly 3. In patients with severe encephalopathy (encephalitis?) the Zika virus has been detected 4. Association of Zika virus infection with Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Schlüsselwörter

Zika Virus - Nervensystem - Guillain-Barré Syndrom - Mikrozephalie - Enzephalitis

Keywords

zika virus - nervous system - encephalitis - microcephaly - Guillain-Barre syndrome

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