Psychiatrische Zwangsmaßnahmen: Prävention und Präferenzen aus Patientenperspektive

Zusammenfassung

Anliegen Präventionsstrategien und Präferenzen von Zwangsmaßnahmen (ZM) wurden aus der Sicht von psychiatrischen Patienten erfasst.

Methode Teilstrukturierte Interviews mit 90 überwiegend zwangserfahrenen Patienten mit psychotischen Erkrankungen.

Ergebnis und Diskussion Aus Patientensicht könnten ZM durch ein größeres Angebot an Einzeltherapien, Verbesserungen der Personalschlüssel, Ausbildung und Kommunikation sowie räumliche Rückzugsmöglichkeiten reduziert werden. Die Mehrheit der Befragten präferierte eine – im Falle der Selbstgefährdung durch Festhalten, bei Fremdgefährdung durch Fixierung ermöglichte – Zwangsmedikation gegenüber anderen Sicherungsmaßnahmen.

Abstract

Objective This study explores patients’ preferences and measures of prevention of coercive methods in psychiatric treatment.

Methods Structured interviews of 90 patients with psychotic disorders were undertaken, most of whom had previously experienced coercive methods.

Results Participants saw preventive potential in a wider availability of individual non-pharmacological therapy, improvement of staff professional competence and communication skills, high staff-to-patient ratios and retreat facilities. The majority of participants preferred forced medication and manual restraint in case of self-endangerment, and forced medication and mechanical restraint in the event of endangerment of others.

Conclusion Patients’ suggestions relating to prevention of coercion are in line with most expert’s opinions. In case coercive methods are required, manual restraint and application of forced medication is accepted as the treatment of choice according to most patients in case of self-endangerment.

Schlüsselwörter

Zwangsmaßnahmen - Fixierung - Patientenperspektive - Prävention

Keywords

coercion - involuntary treatment - consumers’ perspective - prevention strategies - preference

^* Beide Autorinnen haben gleiche Anteile zu dieser Arbeit beigetragen.

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