Abstract
Food allergy (FA) is a growing health problem that affects ∼8% of the children worldwide.
Although the prevalence of FA is increasing, the underlying genetic mechanisms responsible
for the onset of this immune disorder are not yet clarified. Genetic factors seem
to play a leading role in the development of FA, though interaction with environmental
factors cannot be excluded. The broader network of genetic loci mediating the risk
of this complex disorder remains to be identified. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA)
has been associated with various immune disorders, including FA. This review aims
to unravel the potential associations between HLA gene functions and the manifestation
and outcome of FA disorders. Exploring new aspects of FA development with the perspective
to improve our understanding of the multifaceted etiology and the complex biological
mechanisms involved in FA is essential.
Keywords
food allergy - HLA system - genetic predisposition
