Effects of Caffeine on Splanchnic Oxygenation in Preterm Infants

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study is to assess the effects of administering 20 mg/kg loading dose of caffeine citrate intravenously on splanchnic oxygenation in preterm infants.

Study Design The infants with a gestational age (GA) of <34 weeks who were administered with a 20 mg/kg intravenous loading dose of caffeine citrate within 48 hours after birth were investigated prospectively. Regional splanchnic oxygen saturation (rsSO₂) and splanchnic fractional tissue oxygen extraction rate (sFTOE) were measured using near-infrared spectroscopy before caffeine infusion, immediately after caffeine infusion and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 hours (h) after dose completion; postdose values were compared with predose values.

Results A total of 41 infants with a mean GA of 29.2 ± 1.6 weeks and birth weight of 1,315 ± 257 g as well as postnatal age of 32.2 ± 10.8 hours were included in the study. rsSO₂ significantly reduced from 63.1 to 57.5% immediately after caffeine infusion, 55.1% after 1 hour, and 55.2% after 2 hours with partial recovery at 3-hour postdose. sFTOE increased correspondingly.

Conclusion Caffeine reduces splanchnic oxygenation and increases splanchnic oxygen extraction for at least 2 hours with partial recovery to predose levels at 3-hour postdose.

Keywords

caffeine - near infrared spectroscopy - preterm infant - regional tissue oxygenation - splanchnic oxygenation

Publication History

Received: 15 September 2019

Accepted: 06 January 2020

Article published online:
18 February 2020

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