Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1696649
Ablation of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Publication History
Publication Date:
31 October 2019 (online)

Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer but represents only a small portion of all primary liver cancers. At the time of diagnosis, patients are often not surgical candidates due to tumor burden of other comorbidities. In addition, there is a very high rate of tumor recurrence after resection. Local regional therapies, specifically ablative therapies of radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, and irreversible electroporation, have proven to be beneficial with other hepatic tumors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview and update of the medical literature demonstrating ablative therapy as a treatment option for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
-
References
- 1 Razumilava N, Gores GJ. Cholangiocarcinoma. Lancet 2014; 383 (9935): 2168-2179
- 2 Bridgewater J, Galle PR, Khan SA. , et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatol 2014; 60 (06) 1268-1289
- 3 DeOliveira ML, Cunningham SC, Cameron JL. , et al. Cholangiocarcinoma: thirty-one-year experience with 564 patients at a single institution. Ann Surg 2007; 245 (05) 755-762
- 4 Nakanuma Y, Sato Y, Harada K, Sasaki M, Xu J, Ikeda H. Pathological classification of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on a new concept. World J Hepatol 2010; 2 (12) 419-427
- 5 Park J, Kim MH, Kim KP. , et al. Natural history and prognostic factors of advanced cholangiocarcinoma without surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy: a large-scale observational study. Gut Liver 2009; 3 (04) 298-305
- 6 Simo KA, Halpin LE, McBrier NM. , et al. Multimodality treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a review. J Surg Oncol 2016; 113 (01) 62-83
- 7 Khan SA, Davidson BR, Goldin R. , et al; British Society of Gastroenterology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: consensus document. Gut 2002; 51 (Suppl. 06) VI1-VI9
- 8 Khan SA, Davidson BR, Goldin RD. , et al; British Society of Gastroenterology. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: an update. Gut 2012; 61 (12) 1657-1669
- 9 Shaib YH, Davila JA, Henderson L, McGlynn KA, El-Serag HB. Endoscopic and surgical therapy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the united states: a population-based study. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007; 41 (10) 911-917
- 10 Spolverato G, Kim Y, Alexandrescu S. , et al. Management and outcomes of patients with recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma following previous curative-intent surgical resection. Ann Surg Oncol 2016; 23 (01) 235-243
- 11 Labib PL, Davidson BR, Sharma RA, Pereira SP. Locoregional therapies in cholangiocarcinoma. Hepat Oncol 2017; 4 (04) 99-109
- 12 Han K, Ko HK, Kim KW, Won HJ, Shin YM, Kim PN. Radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015; 26 (07) 943-948
- 13 Fu Y, Yang W, Wu W, Yan K, Xing BC, Chen MH. Radiofrequency ablation in the management of unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2012; 23 (05) 642-649
- 14 Hong K, Georgiades C. Radiofrequency ablation: mechanism of action and devices. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2010; 21 (8, Suppl): S179-S186
- 15 Solazzo SA, Liu Z, Lobo SM. , et al. Radiofrequency ablation: importance of background tissue electrical conductivity--an agar phantom and computer modeling study. Radiology 2005; 236 (02) 495-502
- 16 Goldberg SN, Gazelle GS, Solbiati L. , et al. Ablation of liver tumors using percutaneous RF therapy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998; 170 (04) 1023-1028
- 17 Kis B, El-Haddad G, Sheth RA. , et al. Liver-directed therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Contr 2017; 24 (03) 1073274817729244
- 18 Butros SR, Shenoy-Bhangle A, Mueller PR, Arellano RS. Radiofrequency ablation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: feasibility, local tumor control, and long-term outcome. Clin Imaging 2014; 38 (04) 490-494
- 19 Carrafiello G, Laganà D, Cotta E. , et al. Radiofrequency ablation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: preliminary experience. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2010; 33 (04) 835-839
- 20 Giorgio A, Calisti G, DE Stefano G. , et al. Radiofrequency ablation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: retrospective analysis of a single centre experience. Anticancer Res 2011; 31 (12) 4575-4580
- 21 Kim JH, Won HJ, Shin YM, Kim KA, Kim PN. Radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2011; 196 (02) W205-W209
- 22 Kim JH, Won HJ, Shin YM, Kim PN, Lee SG, Hwang S. Radiofrequency ablation for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after curative resection. Eur J Radiol 2011; 80 (03) e221-e225
- 23 Takahashi EA, Kinsman KA, Schmit GD. , et al. Thermal ablation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: safety, efficacy, and factors affecting local tumor progression. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43 (12) 3487-3492
- 24 van den Berg PM, De Hoop AT, Segal A, Praagman N. A computational model of the electromagnetic heating of biological tissue with application to hyperthermic cancer therapy. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1983; 30 (12) 797-805
- 25 Andreano A, Brace CL. A comparison of direct heating during radiofrequency and microwave ablation in ex vivo liver. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2013; 36 (02) 505-511
- 26 Zhang K, Yu J, Yu X. , et al. Clinical and survival outcomes of percutaneous microwave ablation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Hyperthermia 2018; 34 (03) 292-297
- 27 Yu MA, Liang P, Yu XL. , et al. Sonography-guided percutaneous microwave ablation of intrahepatic primary cholangiocarcinoma. Eur J Radiol 2011; 80 (02) 548-552
- 28 Xu C, Li L, Xu W. , et al. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation versus surgical resection for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: intermediate-term results. Int J Hyperthermia 2019; 36 (01) 351-358
- 29 Yang GW, Zhao Q, Qian S. , et al. Percutaneous microwave ablation combined with simultaneous transarterial chemoembolization for the treatment of advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. OncoTargets Ther 2015; 8: 1245-1250
- 30 Xu HX, Wang Y, Lu MD, Liu LN. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Br J Radiol 2012; 85 (1016): 1078-1084
- 31 Zhang SJ, Hu P, Wang N. , et al. Thermal ablation versus repeated hepatic resection for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2013; 20 (11) 3596-3602
- 32 Rubinsky B, Lee CY, Bastacky J, Onik G. The process of freezing and the mechanism of damage during hepatic cryosurgery. Cryobiology 1990; 27 (01) 85-97
- 33 Chen HW, Lai EC, Zhen ZJ, Cui WZ, Liao S, Lau WY. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous cryotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Surg 2011; 9 (02) 188-191
- 34 Lee Jr FT, Chosy SG, Littrup PJ, Warner TF, Kuhlman JE, Mahvi DM. CT-monitored percutaneous cryoablation in a pig liver model: pilot study. Radiology 1999; 211 (03) 687-692
- 35 Silverman SG, Sun MR, Tuncali K. , et al. Three-dimensional assessment of MRI-guided percutaneous cryotherapy of liver metastases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2004; 183 (03) 707-712
- 36 Fairchild AH, Tatli S, Dunne RM, Shyn PB, Tuncali K, Silverman SG. Percutaneous cryoablation of hepatic tumors adjacent to the gallbladder: assessment of safety and effectiveness. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014; 25 (09) 1449-1455
- 37 Seifert JK, Morris DL. World survey on the complications of hepatic and prostate cryotherapy. World J Surg 1999; 23 (02) 109-113 , discussion 113–114
- 38 Eggstein S, Neeff H, Szarzynski M. , et al. Hepatic cryotherapy involving the vena cava. Experimental study in a pig liver model. Eur Surg Res 2003; 35 (02) 67-74
- 39 Callstrom MR, Atwell TD, Charboneau JW. , et al. Painful metastases involving bone: percutaneous image-guided cryoablation--prospective trial interim analysis. Radiology 2006; 241 (02) 572-580
- 40 Orlacchio A, Bazzocchi G, Pastorelli D. , et al. Percutaneous cryoablation of small hepatocellular carcinoma with US guidance and CT monitoring: initial experience. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2008; 31 (03) 587-594
- 41 Ei S, Hibi T, Tanabe M. , et al. Cryoablation provides superior local control of primary hepatocellular carcinomas of >2 cm compared with radiofrequency ablation and microwave coagulation therapy: an underestimated tool in the toolbox. Ann Surg Oncol 2015; 22 (04) 1294-1300
- 42 Xu KC, Niu LZ, He WB, Hu YZ, Zuo JS. Percutaneous cryosurgery for the treatment of hepatic colorectal metastases. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14 (09) 1430-1436
- 43 Yang Y, Wang C, Lu Y. , et al. Outcomes of ultrasound-guided percutaneous argon-helium cryoablation of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2012; 19 (06) 674-684
- 44 Glazer DI, Tatli S, Shyn PB, Vangel MG, Tuncali K, Silverman SG. Percutaneous image-guided cryoablation of hepatic tumors: single-center experience with intermediate to long-term outcomes. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2017; 209 (06) 1381-1389
- 45 Helling TS. Realistic expectations for cryoablation of liver tumors. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2000; 7 (05) 510-515
- 46 Davalos RV, Mir IL, Rubinsky B. Tissue ablation with irreversible electroporation. Ann Biomed Eng 2005; 33 (02) 223-231
- 47 Narayanan G. Irreversible electroporation. Semin Intervent Radiol 2015; 32 (04) 349-355
- 48 Savic LJ, Chapiro J, Hamm B, Gebauer B, Collettini F. Irreversible electroporation in interventional oncology: where we stand and where we go. RoFo Fortschr Geb Rontgenstr Nuklearmed 2016; 188 (08) 735-745
- 49 Ball C, Thomson KR, Kavnoudias H. Irreversible electroporation: a new challenge in “out of operating theater” anesthesia. Anesth Analg 2010; 110 (05) 1305-1309
- 50 Cannon R, Ellis S, Hayes D, Narayanan G, Martin II RC. Safety and early efficacy of irreversible electroporation for hepatic tumors in proximity to vital structures. J Surg Oncol 2013; 107 (05) 544-549
- 51 Narayanan G, Bhatia S, Echenique A, Suthar R, Barbery K, Yrizarry J. Vessel patency post irreversible electroporation. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2014; 37 (06) 1523-1529
- 52 Silk MT, Wimmer T, Lee KS. , et al. Percutaneous ablation of peribiliary tumors with irreversible electroporation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2014; 25 (01) 112-118
- 53 Tian G, Zhao Q, Chen F, Jiang T, Wang W. Ablation of hepatic malignant tumors with irreversible electroporation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of outcomes. Oncotarget 2017; 8 (04) 5853-5860
- 54 Mafeld S, Wong JJ, Kibriya N. , et al. Percutaneous irreversible electroporation (IRE) of hepatic malignancy: a bi-institutional analysis of safety and outcomes. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2019; 42 (04) 577-583
- 55 Padia SA. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2015; 18 (04) 227-235