Longitudinal Measurements of Resting Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry in Healthy Term Infants during the First 2 Months of Life

Abstract

Objective To determine longitudinal measurements of resting energy expenditure (REE) by indirect calorimetry (IC) in healthy term infants during the first 2 months of life.

Study Design An outpatient prospective pilot study was performed in healthy term infants to estimate REE by measuring expired gas fractions of oxygen (O₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) with IC in a respiratory and metabolic steady state.

Results A total of 30 measurements were performed. Fourteen subjects completed measurements at both 1 and 2 months of life, and two subjects had only measurements made at 1 month of life. Mean REE values were 64.1 ± 12.7 and 58.4 ± 14.3 kcal/kg/d at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively. Mean O₂ consumption and CO₂ production measurements were 9.3 ± 2.0 and 7.7 ± 1.2 mL/kg/min and 8.1 ± 2.2 and 6.4 ± 1.1 mL/kg/min at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively.

Conclusion This pilot study demonstrates longitudinal measurements of REE by IC in healthy term infants during the first 2 months of life. We also demonstrate that, overall, there is consistency in REE values in this population, with a likely decrease in individual longitudinal measurements over the first 2 months of life.

Keywords

resting energy expenditure - indirect calorimetry - healthy term infants - nutrition

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