Lipoprotein (a) und das fibrinolytische System

Zusammenfassung

Lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) ist ein Apolipoprotein-B-haltiges Lipoprotein, welches dem Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) sehr ähnlich ist, zusätzlich jedoch noch ein charakteristisches Protein, das Apo-a, enthält. Letzteres weist eine große Homologie zu Plasminogen auf. Lp(a) verhält sich stoffwechselmäßig deutlich anders als LDL und gilt heute als das atherogenste Lipoprotein. Seine Funktion ist noch weitgehend unbekannt, und Personen ohne nachweisbare Mengen Lp(a) im Blut sind vollständig gesund.

Apo-a hat ein sehr hohes Molekulargewicht und kommt in mehr als 10 Isoformen vor, welche sich durch die Anzahl der Kringel-4-Repeats unterscheiden. Diese Strukturen sind auch dafür verantwortlich, daß Lp(a) die Aktivierung von Plasminogen zu Plasmin auf verschiedenste Weise inhibiert. Trotzdem konnte bis heute in vivo noch keine Korrelation der Plasma-LP(a)-Konzentrationen mit der fibrinolytischen Aktivität im Plasma nachgewiesen werden.

Schlüsselwörter

Lp(a) - Hämostase - Fibrinolyse

Key words

Lp(a) - hemostasis - fibrinolysis

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