Facial Plast Surg 2018; 34(02): 164-172
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1636922
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Fat Grafting Volume Restoration to the Brow and Temporal Regions

Thomas L. Tzikas
1   Facial Plastic Surgery, Delray Beach, Florida
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
09 April 2018 (online)

Abstract

Primary manifestations of facial aging are the reduction in subcutaneous tissue volume, especially the atrophy of fat as well as bone volume depletion which directly contribute to loss of support and laxity of the skin. Depressions and hollows develop with a visible disruption of the cosmetic facial aesthetic units resulting in harsh shadows. This is especially evident in the eyebrow and temporal regions which accentuate the appearance of brow ptosis and a hollow, almost cadaveric look to the temple. Restoration of volume to these areas has been shown to rejuvenate the upper face creating a softer, fuller, and more youthful appearance. Fat grafting by itself or in combination with upper facial surgical procedures plays a major role in the restoration of youthful facial qualities in this region.

 
  • References

  • 1 Lambros V. Fat injection for aesthetic facial rejuvenation. Aesthet Surg J 1997; 17 (03) 190-191 , 198
  • 2 Shaw Jr RB, Kahn DM. Aging of the midface bony elements: a three-dimensional computed tomographic study. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119 (02) 675-681 , discussion 682–683
  • 3 Rohrich RJ, Pessa JE. The fat compartments of the face: anatomy and clinical implications for cosmetic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119 (07) 2219-2227 , discussion 2228–2231
  • 4 Gurney CE. Experimental study of the behavior of free fat transplants. Surgery 1938; 3: 680
  • 5 Peer LA. Loss of weight and volume in human fat grafts. Plast Reconstr Surg 1950; 5: 217-230
  • 6 Peer LA. The neglected free fat graft. Plast Reconstr Surg (1946) 1956; 18 (04) 233-250
  • 7 Saunders MC, Keller JT, Dunsker SB, Mayfield FH. Survival of autologous fat grafts in humans and in mice. Connect Tissue Res 1981; 8 (02) 85-91
  • 8 Ellenbogen R. Free autogenous pearl fat grafts in the face--a preliminary report of a rediscovered technique. Ann Plast Surg 1986; 16 (03) 179-194
  • 9 Fournier PF. Microextraction and microlipoinjection. Rev Chir Esthet Lang Fr 1985; 10: 36-40
  • 10 Illouz YG. The fat cell “graft”: a new technique to fill depressions. Plast Reconstr Surg 1986; 78 (01) 122-123
  • 11 Coleman SR. Facial recontouring with lipostructure. Clin Plast Surg 1997; 24 (02) 347-367
  • 12 Brandow K, Newman J. Facial mutilayered micro lipoaugmentation. Int J Aesthet Restor Surg 1996; 4: 95-110
  • 13 Tzikas TL. Lipografting: autologous fat grafting for total facial rejuvenation. Facial Plast Surg 2004; 20 (02) 135-143
  • 14 Tzikas TL. Autologous fat grafting for midface rejuvenation. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2006; 14 (03) 229-240
  • 15 Lam S, Tzikas TL, Glasgold M. Fat grafting: discussion and debate. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2012; 20 (03) 265-278
  • 16 Marten TJ, Elyassnia D. Fat grafting in facial rejuvenation. Clin Plast Surg 2015; 42 (02) 219-252
  • 17 Ullmann Y, Shoshani O, Fodor A. , et al. Searching for the favorable donor site for fat injection: in vivo study using the nude mice model. Dermatol Surg 2005; 31 (10) 1304-1307
  • 18 Rohrich RJ, Sorokin ES, Brown SA. In search of improved fat transfer viability: a quantitative analysis of the role of centrifugation and harvest site. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004; 113 (01) 391-395 , discussion 396–397
  • 19 Teimourian B. Blindness following fat injections. Plast Reconstr Surg 1988; 82 (02) 361
  • 20 Yoshimura K, Suga H, Eto H. Adipose-derived stem/progenitor cells: roles in adipose tissue remodeling and potential use for soft tissue augmentation. Regen Med 2009; 4 (02) 265-273
  • 21 Danesh-Meyer HV, Savino PJ, Sergott RC. Case reports and small case series: ocular and cerebral ischemia following facial injection of autologous fat. Arch Ophthalmol 2001; 119 (05) 777-778
  • 22 Lu F, Mizuno H, Uysal CA, Cai X, Ogawa R, Hyakusoku H. Improved viability of random pattern skin flaps through the use of adipose-derived stem cells. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008; 121 (01) 50-58
  • 23 Wolter TP, von Heimburg D, Stoffels I, Groeger A, Pallua N. Cryopreservation of mature human adipocytes: in vitro measurement of viability. Ann Plast Surg 2005; 55 (04) 408-413
  • 24 Coleman III WP, Lawrence N, Sherman RN, Reed RJ, Pinski KS. Autologous collagen? Lipocytic dermal augmentation. A histopathologic study. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1993; 19 (11) 1032-1040