Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00035037.xml
Download PDF
Methods Inf Med 1993; 32(04): 309-313
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1634935
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1634935
Original Article
Computer-Assisted Instruction in Probabilistic Reasoning During the Inpatient Medicine Clerkship
Authors
This project was supported by a grant from the Chancellor’s Instructional Development Award Program, University of Tennessee, Memphis, College of Medicine. The contributors to this project were: Wally R. Smith, M. D., content expert and programmer; Jung Sun Hahn, Ph.D., instructional designer; Thomas Jernigan, M-3, programmer; John Silver, D. V. M., M. S., programmer.
Further Information
Publication History
Publication Date:
06 February 2018 (online)
Abstract
The acceptability and utility of computer-assisted instruction in probabilistic reasoning was assessed for medicine clerkship students. After a pretest, the experimental (n = 40), but not the control students (n = 39), completed a program that we designed. The program contained the test and its answers. After program exposure, experimental students rated their knowledge of the program’s content significantly higher (p = 10−4) than control students. On the identical posttest, experimental students also scored significantly higher than control students (p = 10−4) and improved their scores significantly more (p = 10−3). They rated ease-of-use items significantly higher than content-relevance items (p = 1CT−4). We conclude that computer-assisted instruction in probabilistic reasoning is acceptable to clerkship students, and that it may improve their knowledge and skills in this area. However, students may rate the vehicle of this instruction more highly than its content.
-
REFERENCES
- 1 Panel on the General Professional Education of the Physician. Physicians for the Twenty-First Century: the GPEP Report. J of Med Educ 1984; 59: 1-200.
- 2 Evans SJW. Statistics for medical students in the 1990’s: how should we approach the future?. Stat in Med 1990; 09: 1069-75.
- 3 Ravitch MM, Dawson NV. How to teach medical decision making and get it into the curriculum. Med Decis Making 1987; 07: 274.
- 4 Colton T. An inventory of biostatistics teaching in American and Canadian medical schools. J Med Educ 1975; 50: 596-604.
- 5 Dawson-Saunders B, Azen S, Greenberg RS, Reed AH. The instruction of biostatics in medical schools. Amer Statist 1987; 41: 263-6.
- 6 Sahai H. Some comments on teaching biostatistics in medical and health sciences. Meth Inform Med 1990; 29: 41-3.
- 7 Davidoff F, Goodspeed R, CHve J. Changing test ordering behavior: a randomized controlled trial comparing probabilistic reasoning with cost-containment education. Med Care 1989; 27: 45-58.
- 8 Wigton RS. These use of computer simulations in teaching clinical diagnosis. Comput Meth Progr Biomed 1987; 25: 111-4.
- 9 Wigton RS, Hoellerich VL, Ornato JP. et al. Use of clinical findings in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in women. Arch Intern Med 1985; 145: 2222-7.
- 10 Miller RA, Schaffner KF. The logic of problem-solving in clinical diagnosis: a course of second-year medical students. J Med Educ 1982; 576: 63-5.
- 11 Smith WR, Hahn JS. Hypermedia or hyper-chaos: using HyperCard to teach medical decision making. In: Kingsland LC. ed. Proceedings of Thirteenth Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care. Washington DC: IEEE Computer Society Press; 1989: 858-63.
- 12 Sackett DL, Haynes RB, Tugwell P. Clinical Epidemiology: A Basic Science for Clinical Medicine. Boston: Little Brown and Comp; 1985
- 13 Sox Jr HC. ed. Common Diagnostic Tests: Use and Interpretation. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 1987
- 14 Riegelman RK. Studying a Study and Testing a Test. How to Read the Medical Literature. Boston: Little Brown and Co; 1981
- 15 Griner PF, Panzer RJ, Greenland P. Clinical Diagnosis and the Laboratory. Chicago: Yearbook Medical Publ; 1986
- 16 Fletcher RH, Fletcher SW, Wagner EH. Clinical Epidemiology - The Essentials. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1982
- 17 Ingelfinger JA, Mosteller F, Thibodeau LA, Ware JH. Biostatistics in Clinical Medicine. New York: MacMillan Publ Comp; 1987
- 18 Bayes T. An essay towards solving a problem in the doctrine of chances. MD Computing. 1991 08. 157-71 (reprinted from the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1763).
- 19 McNeil B, Keeler E, Adelstein SJ. Primer on certain elements of medical decision making. N Engl J Med 1975; 293: 211-5.
- 20 Griner PF, Mayewski RJ, Mushlin AI, Greenland P. Selection and interpretation of diagnostic tests and procedures. Ann Int Med 1981; 94: 553-600.
- 21 Hoffer EP, Bamett GO. Computers in medical education. In: Shortliffe EH, Per-reault LE. eds. Medical Informatics: Computer Applications in Health Care. Reading Mass: Addison-Wesley Publ Comp; 1990: 535-61.
- 22 Cohen BJ, Golocovsky M. Applications of computers in surgery. Curr Surg 1990; 47: 104-9.
- 23 Guraraj VJ, Rogers PF, Patrick JK. Computer use in pediatric education. Pediatrics 1989; 82: 425-8.
- 24 Catanzarite VA, Jelovsek FR. Computer applications in obstetrics. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987; 156: 1049-53.
- 25 Hoffer E, Barnett GO. Computer-aided instructions in medicine: 16 years of MGH experience. In: Salamon R, Blum B, JØrgensen M. eds. MEDINFO 86. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publ Comp; 1986
- 26 Association of American Medical Colleges. Evaluation of medical information science in medical education. J Med Educ 1986; 61: 488-543.
- 27 Piemme TE. Computer-assisted learning and evaluation in medicine. JAMA 1988; 260: 367-72.
- 28 Duerson MC, Crandall LA, Collins TR. An innovative method for teaching epidemiology, public health, and preventive medicine. Teach Learn Med 1990; 02: 166-9.
- 29 Cummings KM, Frisof KB, Long MJ, Hrynkiewich G. The effects of price information on physicians’ test-ordering behavior. Med Care 1982; 20: 293-301.
- 30 Eisenberg JM. An educational program to modify laboratory use by housestaff. J Med Educ 1977; 52: 578-81.
- 31 Eisenberg JM, Williams SV, Pascale LA. An educational program for reducing the over-utilization of diagnostic procedures. In: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference on Research in Medical Education. Washington DC: Association of American Medical Colleges; 1979: 403-5.
- 32 De Dombal FT. Computer-aided decision support in acute abdominal pain, with special reference to the EC concerted action. Int J Biomed Comput 1990; 26: 183-8.
- 33 De Dombal FT, Dallos V, McAdam WA. Can computer aided teaching packages improve clinical care in patients with acute abdominal pain?. BMJ 1991; 302: 1495-7.
- 34 Stevens RH, McCoy JM, Kwak AR. Solving the problem of how medical students solve problems. MD Computing 1991; 08: 13-20.
- 35 Jelovsek FR, Valerian AC, Price RD, Stull RE. Learning theory and knowledge structures in computer-aided instruction. MD Computing 1990; 07: 98-103.