Grundlagen der Psychoonkologie und ihre therapeutischen Verfahren

Zusammenfassung

Psychoonkologische Versorgung wird zunehmend zum unverzichtbaren Bestandteil heutiger Tumortherapien. Sowohl die körperlichen, psychischen und sozialen Belastungen, die im Rahmen einer Krebserkrankung entstehen, als auch die bei einem signifikanten Teil der Patienten auftretende psychische Symptomatik, erfordern gezielte Unterstützungsund Behandlungsansätze. Innerhalb der als Fachdisziplin vergleichsweise noch jungen Psychoonkologie wurden in den vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnten problemund settingspezifische Interventionen entwickelt und wissenschaftlich international überprüft. Darüber hinaus hat sich ein Feld mit interdisziplinären Ausund Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen für alle in der Onkologie tätigen Berufsgruppen etabliert. Der Beitrag hat zum Ziel, einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Psychoonkologie zu geben sowie die derzeit wichtigsten psychoonkologischen Therapieverfahren und ihre empirische Evidenz vorzustellen.

Summary

Psychooncological care is increasingly becoming an indispensable part of modern cancer therapies. The physical, psychological and social stresses arising in the context of cancer as well as the symptoms of mental disorders that can be found in a significant part of the patients, require targeted support and treatment programs. Although psychooncology is still a comparatively young discipline, problem and treatment-setting specific interventions have been developed and evaluated on international level within the past two decades. In addition, inter-disciplinary training and education measures have evolved for all professions in oncology. This article is intended to present an overview of the current level of research in psychooncology and to outline some of the most important treatment methods and their empirical evidence.

Schlüsselwörter

Krebs - psychosoziale Belastung - komorbide psychische Störungen - psychoonkologische Interventionen

Keywords

Cancer - psycho-social distress - comorbid mental disorders - psycho-oncological interventions

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