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Osteologie 2016; 25(02): 83-91
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619007
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1619007
Osteozyt: Funktion & Morphologie
Synchrotron-Nano-Tomografie mit Phasenkontrast
Eine neue Dimension in der Analyse von Osteozytenlakunen, Kanalikuli und der extrazellulären KnochenmatrixSynchrotron radiation nanotomography with phase contrastA new dimension in the analysis of the osteocyte lacuno-canalicuar network and the extracellular bone matrixFurther Information
Publication History
eingereicht:
25 February 2016
angenommen:
06 March 2016
Publication Date:
22 December 2017 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Gesunder humaner Knochen unterliegt einem permanenten Umbau, um sich den mechanischen Anforderungen anzupassen, Mikrofrakturen zu reparieren und das Mineralgleichgewicht zu erhalten. Der Umbauprozess der extrazellulären Matrix wird durch Osteoblasten und Osteoklasten realisiert. Eine bedeutende Rolle bei der Regulierung der Osteoklasten- und Osteoblastenaktivität wird den Osteozyten zugesprochen, welche in einem komplexen Netzwerk von Zelllakunen und Kanalikuli die extrazelluläre Matrix durchsetzen. Auf Phasenkontrast basierende hochauflösende Nano-Computertomografie erlaubt erstmals, sowohl das Zellnetzwerk als auch die direkt angrenzende mineralisierte Matrix in Untersuchungsvolumen, die hinsichtlich ihrer Größe als repräsentativ angesehen werden können, im nativen Zustand (nicht demineralisiert, nicht eingebettet) zu untersuchen.
Summary
Healthy human bone tissue undergoes a continuous remodeling process to i) repair microdamages, ii) adapt to mechanical boundary conditions, and iii) maintain a constant serum calcium level. Bone remodeling is realized by specialized bone synthesizing and resorbing cells, i. e. osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively. Osteocytes play an important role in the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast activities. Osteocytes are embedded in the extracellular matrix in a complex porous lacunar-canalicular network (LCN). Recently developed high-fidelity phase-contrast nanotomography with synchrotron radiation x-ray sources enabled for the first time the simultaneous assessment of both, LCN and the adjacent extracellular mineralized matrix in close-to-native sample conditions.
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