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Semin Speech Lang 2016; 37(04): 239-251
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587708
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Pursuing Precision Speech-Language Therapy Services for Children with Down Syndrome

Jena McDaniel
1   Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
,
Paul J. Yoder
2   Department of Special Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
04 October 2016 (online)

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Abstract

The behavioral phenotype of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) offers one avenue for developing speech-language therapy services that are tailored to the individual's characteristics that affect treatment response. Behavioral phenotypes are patterns of behavioral strengths and weaknesses for specific genetic disorders that can help guide the development and implementation of effective interventions. Nonetheless, individual differences within children with DS must be acknowledged and addressed because behavioral phenotypes are probabilistic, not deterministic. Developing precision speech-language therapy services to maximize learning opportunities and outcomes for children with DS calls for increased collaboration among clinicians and researchers to address the needs, challenges, and opportunities on three interconnected themes: (1) moving effective interventions from research to practice, (2) making evidence-based, child-specific treatment intensity decisions, and (3) considering child motivation and temperament characteristics. Increased availability of intervention materials and resources as well as more specific recommendations that acknowledge individual differences could help narrow the research-practice gap. Clear descriptions of disciplined manipulations of treatment intensity components could lead to more effective intervention services. Last, addressing motivation and temperament characteristics, such as the personality-motivation orientation, in children with DS may help maximize learning opportunities. Focused attention and collaboration on these key themes could produce substantial, positive changes for children with DS and their families in the coming decade.

Keywords

Down syndrome - language intervention - speech comprehensibility - intensity - individualized
 

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