Frauen und Migräne

Zusammenfassung

Frauen leiden etwa 3-mal häufiger unter Migräne als Männer. Über die reinen Unterschiede der Prävalenz hinaus unterscheidet sich die „weibliche“ von der „männlichen“ Migräne in zahlreichen weiteren klinischen, prognostischen und pathophysiologischen Aspekten, was in der Therapie beachtet werden muss. So gibt es spezielle Behandlungssituationen wie Migräne in der Schwangerschaft, die menstruelle Migräne mit der Frage der optimalen hormonellen Kontrazeption oder die Menopause, die spezifischer Therapieansätze bedürfen. Zudem gibt es neue Bildgebungsstudien, die zeigen, dass auch morphologische Unterschiede zwischen dem weiblichen und männlichen Migränegehirn bestehen. Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit neuen Erkenntnissen der Migränepathophysiologie und -therapie unter Berücksichtigung frauenspezifischer Gender-Aspekte.

Abstract

Women suffer about 3 times more often from migraine than men. In addition to basic differences in the prevalence of ”female“ and ”male“ migraine, there are also differences in several clinical, prognostic, and pathophysiological aspects, which have to be taken into consideration in therapy. There are distinct treatment situations such as migraine during pregnancy, menstrual migraine with the issue of optimal hormonal contraception as well as in menopause which need distinct therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, there is evidence from imaging studies that the female migraine brain is morphologically different from the male migraine brain. This article focuses on new findings regarding migraine pathophysiology as well as therapy taking gender aspects into account.

Schlüsselwörter

Frauen - Migräne - hormonelle Kontrazeption - Schwangerschaft - vaskuläre Risikofaktoren

Keywords

women - migraine - hormonal contraception - pregnancy - vascular risk factors

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