Neuropsychologische Behandlung kognitiver Defizite bei Suchtmittel-, affektiven, Angst- und Zwangserkrankungen – Aktueller Stand und Perspektiven

Zusammenfassung

Neuropsychologische Behandlung ist ein vielversprechender Ansatz zur Verbesserung kognitiver Defizite bei neuropsychiatrischen Erkrankungen, die als Kernsymptom auch in Remissionsphasen fortbestehen können und einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die psychosoziale Funktionsfähigkeit haben. Allerdings variieren Forschungsinteresse und Wirksamkeitsnachweise neuropsychologischer Behandlungsmaßnahmen zwischen den Krankheitsgruppen stark. Obwohl kognitive Behandlungsverfahren häufig im klinischen Alltag eingesetzt werden, gibt es, mit Ausnahme der Schizophrenie, relativ wenige Untersuchungen bezüglich ihrer Wirksamkeit.

Abstract

Neuropsychological treatment represents a promising therapeutic approach in the amelioration of cognitive deficits in many neuropsychiatric disorders. Cognitive impairment constitutes a core feature that often persists beyond psychopathological symptoms having a significant impact on psychosocial functioning. However, research interest and evidence of efficacy vary considerably between disease groups. Although neuropsychological treatment is frequently used in clinical practice, there are, with the exception of schizophrenia, relatively few studies on its effectiveness.

Schlüsselwörter

neuropsychologische Behandlung - kognitives Training - kognitive Einbußen - affektive Erkrankungen - Suchtmittelerkrankungen - Angst- und Zwangserkrankungen

Key words

neuropsychological treatment - cognitive remediation - cognitive deficits - affective disorders - substance abuse disorders - anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders

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