Knochenmetastasen

Epidemiologie und Ätiologie

Bezogen auf alle Tumorentitäten sind ossäre Metastasen am häufigsten bei Mamma-, Prostata- und Bronchialkarzinomen zu finden [1]. Urologische Tumorerkrankungen zählen weiterhin zu den häufigsten Tumorerkrankungen des Menschen. Daher finden sich urologische Tumordiagnosen auch in den Statistiken zur Häufigkeit von ossären Metastasen wieder.

Bei den urologischen Tumorerkrankungen sind es v. a. das bereits erwähnte Prostatakarzinom, gefolgt von Nieren-/Urothel- und seltener Hodentumoren, bei denen ossäre Metastasen auftreten. Der Knochen ist nach Leber und Lunge der dritthäufigste Metastasierungsort. Von allen Knochenmetastasen sind ca. zwei Drittel im Bereich der Wirbelsäule lokalisiert, weshalb die Wirbelsäulenmetastasen klinisch die meiste Relevanz aufweisen. Bis zu 10 % aller Tumorpatienten erleiden im Laufe ihrer Erkrankung eine Wirbelsäulenmetastase [1], wovon bei 10 – 20 % eine metastasenbedingte Myelonkompression auftritt [2].

• Literatur

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