Sensitivität und Spezifität bildgebender Verfahren für den Nachweis intrakranieller Aneurysmen

Zusammenfassung

Aneurysmen der intrakraniellen Arterien treten mit einer Prävalenz von etwa 2 % auf. Die Rupturwahrscheinlichkeit beerenförmiger Aneurysmen liegt bei etwa 0,1 %/Jahr.

Die Letalität innerhalb von 30 Tagen nach der Ruptur eines zerebralen Aneurysmas wird auf 45 % geschätzt; zusätzlich behält die Hälfte der überlebenden Patienten schwere neurologische Defizite. Der rechtszeitige Nachweis und die prophylaktische Therapie eines Aneurysmas ist die zuverlässigste Methode, eine Ruptur zu vermeiden. Insofern ist es relevant, das Potenzial der aktuellen bildgebenden Verfahren zu kennen, anwenden zu können und an Verbesserungen der verschiedenen Verfahren teilzunehmen.

Diese Arbeit stellt das diagnostische Potenzial der CT, MRT und Katheterangiografie zur Detektion, Therapieplanung und Nachsorge von Aneurysmen dar und leitet daraus eine Handlungsempfehlung ab.

Abstract

The prevalence or cerebral aneurysms is estimated at 2 %. Out of these aciniform aneurysm, 0.1 % rupture each year. The 30-day-mortality after a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is estimated at 45 %. Additionally, about 50 % of the patients suffer from severe persistent neurologic deficits.

The most reliable way to prevent rupture is early detection and prophylactic therapy of an unruptured aneurysm. For this, knowledge of the different imaging methods currently available and their diagnostic potential is highly desirable.

This review describes the potential of CT, MRI and catheter angiography in diagnosing cerebral aneurysms, as well as therapy planning and follow-up care of patients. Based on this, some recommendations are made for management of patients with SAH.

Schlüsselwörter

zerebrale Aneurysmen - bildgebende Verfahren - Patientenmanagement

Keywords

cerebral aneurysms - imaging techniques - patient management

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