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Aktuelle Urol 2014; 45(04): 281-285
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383645
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Alimentäre Prävention urologischer Tumoren

Nutritional Prevention of Urological Tumours
B. J. Schmitz-Dräger
1   Urologie24, Schön Klinik Nürnberg Fürth, Fürth
,
S. Sahin
1   Urologie24, Schön Klinik Nürnberg Fürth, Fürth
,
G. Lümmen
2   Urologische Abteilung, St. Josef-Hospital, Troisdorf
,
E. Bismarck
1   Urologie24, Schön Klinik Nürnberg Fürth, Fürth
,
C. Fischer
3   Urologische Klinik, Klinikum Hohe Warte, Bayreuth
,
und die Mitglieder des Arbeitskreises Prävention, Umwelt und Komplementärmedizin (PUK) › Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
28 August 2014 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

In den vergangenen 10 Jahren hat sich die Bewertung der Rolle von Vitaminen und Spurenelementen in der Primärprävention urologischer Tumoren gravierend verändert. Es ist bislang nicht gelungen, den Nachweis für die Wirksamkeit einer Einzelsubstanz zu erbringen. Entsprechende Empfehlungen sollten daher heute nicht mehr gegeben werden. Es gibt jedoch gute Hinweise darauf, dass maßvolle Ernährung, eine Reduktion des Verzehrs von Milchprodukten, eine asiatische oder mediterrane Ernährung neben Effekten auf den allgemeinen Gesundheitszustand auch der Entstehung von urologischer Tumorerkrankungen und insbesondere dem Pro­statakrebs (PCA) vorbeugt. Zwar lassen sich diese Befunde nur schwer quantifizieren, es ist aber offensichtlich, dass sich mit diesen Maßnahmen erhebliche synergistische Effekte im Bereich der kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen erzielen lassen. Nachdem insbesondere beim PCA ein großer Teil der Patienten nicht an der Tumorerkrankung verstirbt, sollte gerade die Primärprävention dieses Tumors daher stets in Zusammenhang mit der allgemeinen Gesundheit der Zielgruppe gesehen werden. In der Sekundärprävention weisen neuere Studien auf eine mögliche Wirksamkeit von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln auf das biochemische Rezidiv eines PCA nach definitiver Therapie hin. Hier steht nun eine Validierung der Ergebnisse in kontrollierten klinischen Studien an.

Abstract

Through the last decade considerations on the role of vitamins and antioxidants in the primary prevention of genitourinary tumors have changed dramatically. In spite of all efforts, the efficacy of a specific compound has not been proven so far. In consequence, recommendations to use vitamins or other supplements for the primary prevention of urological tumors should be avoided. However, there is some evidence that moderate food consumption, reduction of dairy products and an Asian or Mediterranean diet may not only prevent prostate cancer (PCA) but also harbour additional beneficial effects on general health. Although quantification of these findings may be difficult, it becomes evident that these measures will have additional synergistic effects on cardiovascular diseases. Considering the large number of PCA patients dying not cancer-related but from concomitant diseases, primary prevention in particular of PCA should always also consider the general health of the target population. More recent studies suggest a potential effect of nutritional compounds on biochemical tumour recurrence in PCA patients after definite therapy. These observations may serve as a starting point for validation within controlled clinical trials.

Schlüsselwörter

Prostatakarzinom - Blasenkarzinom - Nierenkarzinom - Prävention - Vitamine - Ernährung

Key words

prostate cancer - bladder cancer - renal cancer - prevention - vitamins - nutrition

* Mitglieder des AK PUK sind: J. Altwein, München, C. Fischer, Bayreuth, T. Klotz, Amberg, G. Lümmen, Troisdorf, M. J. Mathers, Remscheid, V. Rohde, Bad Schwartau, R. Schaefer, Bonn, B. J. Schmitz-Dräger, Fürth, F. Sommer, Hamburg, A. Schroeder, Neumünster, P. Thelen, Göttingen


Editorial Comment

 

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