Erkrankungen des Mittelohres im Kindesalter

Zusammenfassung

Erkrankungen des Mittelohres im Kindesalter spielen in der HNO-Heilkunde aufgrund ihrer hohen Inzidenz eine bedeutende Rolle. Einige dieser Krankheiten wie die akute Otitis media oder der chronische Paukenerguss, wurden in den letzten Jahren insbesondere hinsichtlich ihrer soziökonomischer Bedeutung intensiv erforscht. Im folgenden Artikel werden ausgewählte wichtige Krankheiten des Mittelohres vorgestellt, deren Behandlungen einschließlich des Komplikationsmanagements beschrieben und die Ergebnisse anhand der aktuellen Literatur diskutiert werden. Ein zweiter Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit befasst sich mit aktuellen Möglichkeiten der operativen Hörrehabilitation im Kindesalter. Das knochenverankerte Hörgerät BAHA^® und das aktive, teilimplantierbare Hörsystem Vibrant Soundbridge^® konnten in den letzten Jahren für diese Altersgruppe erfolgreich angewandt werden. Diesbezüglich wird der aktuelle Stand der Literatur im Hinblick auf die klinischen Ergebnisse dieser Hörsysteme erörtert.

Abstract

Diseases of the Middle Ear in Childhood

Middle ear diseases in childhood play an important role in daily ENT practice due to their high incidence. Some of these like acute otitis media or otitis media with effusion have been studied extensively within the last decades. In this article, we present a selection of important childhood middle ear diseases and discuss the actual literature concerning their treatment, management of complications and outcome. Another main topic of this paper deals with the possibilities of surgical hearing rehabilitation in childhood. The bone-anchored hearing aid BAHA^® and the active partially implantable device Vibrant Soundbridge^® could successfully be applied for children. In this manuscript, we discuss the actual literature concerning clinical outcomes of ­these implantable hearing aids.

Schlüsselwörter

Kinder - Otitis media - Mastoiditis - Cholesteatom - implantierbare Hörsysteme

Key words

children - otitis media - mastoiditis - cholesteatom - implantable hearing aids

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