Notfallmedizin up2date, Table of Contents Notfallmedizin up2date 2014; 9(2): 115-129DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1357928 Reanimation Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York Postreanimationsbehandlung Teil 1 Matthias Fischer , Hans Roth , Jens-Christian Schewe , Stefan Rauch Recommend Article Abstract Buy Article All articles of this category Full Text References Literatur 1 Hypothermia after Cardiac Arrest Study Group. Mild therapeutic hypothermia to improve the neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 549-556 2 Nolan JP, Deakin CD, Soar J et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2005 Section 4. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation 2005; 67 (Suppl) S39-S86 3 Atwood C, Eisenberg MS, Herlitz J et al. Incidence of EMS-treated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Europe. Resuscitation 2005; 67: 75-80 4 Herlitz J, Bahr J, Fischer M et al. Resuscitation in Europe: a tale of five European regions. Resuscitation 1999; 41: 121-131 5 Fischer M, Fischer NJ, Schuttler J. One-year survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Bonn city: outcome report according to the ‘Utstein style . Resuscitation 1997; 33: 233-243 6 Neukamm J, Graesner JT, Schewe JC et al. The impact of response time reliability on CPR incidence and resuscitation success – a benchmark study from the German Resuscitation Registry. Crit Care 2011; 15: R282 7 Berdowski J, Berg RA, Tijssen JG et al. Global incidences of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and survival rates: Systematic review of 67 prospective studies. Resuscitation 2010; 81: 1479-1487 8 Fischer M, Messelken M, Wnent J et al. Deutsches Reanimationsregister der DGAI. Notfall Rettungsmed 2013; 16: 251-259 9 Standards and guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care (ECC). JAMA 1980; 244: 453-509 10 Standards and guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and Emergency Cardiac Care (ECC). National Academy of Sciences – National Research Council. JAMA 1986; 255: 2905-2989 11 Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care (ECC). JAMA 1992; 286: 2135-2302 12 Part 1: introduction to the International Guidelines 2000 for CPR and ECC. A consensus on science. Resuscitation 2000; 46: 3-15 13 Nolan JP, Soar J, Zideman DA et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 1. Executive summary. Resuscitation 2010; 81: 1219-1276 14 Negovsky VA, Gurvitch AM. Post-resuscitation disease—a new nosological entity. Its reality and significance. Resuscitation 1995; 30: 23-27 15 Negovsky VA. Postresuscitation disease. Crit Care Med 1988; 16: 942-946 16 Fischer M. Die Postreanimationsbehandlung. In: Bundesärztekammer, Hrsg. Reanimation – Empfehlungen für die Wiederbelebung. 4. Aufl. Köln: Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag; 2007: 139-147 17 Fischer M. Die Postreanimationsbehandlung (Post Resuscitation Care). In: Bundesärztekammer, Hrsg. Reanimation – Empfehlungen für die Wiederbelebung. Bd. 5. 5. Aufl. Köln: Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag; 2011: 159-173 18 Deakin CD, Nolan JP, Soar J et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 4. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation 2010; 81: 1305-1352 19 Nolan JP, Neumar RW, Adrie C et al. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication. A Scientific Statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation; the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; the Council on Stroke. Resuscitation 2008; 79: 350-379 20 Neumar RW, Nolan JP, Adrie C et al. Post-cardiac arrest syndrome: epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prognostication. A consensus statement from the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (American Heart Association, Australian and New Zealand Council on Resuscitation, European Resuscitation Council, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, InterAmerican Heart Foundation, Resuscitation Council of Asia, and the Resuscitation Council of Southern Africa); the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care Committee; the Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; the Council on Cardiopulmonary, Perioperative, and Critical Care; the Council on Clinical Cardiology; and the Stroke Council. Circulation 2008; 118: 2452-2483 21 Bures J, Buresova O. Die anoxische Terminaldepolarisation als Indicator der Vulnerabilität der Großhirnrinde bei Anoxie und Ischämie. Pflügers Arch 1957; 264: 325-334 22 Hossmann KA, Kobayashi K, Hossmann V et al. Recovery of cerebral energy metabolism after complete ischemia of one hourʼs duration. Naturwissenschaften 1973; 60: 53-54 23 Hossmann KA, Zimmermann V. Resuscitation of the monkey brain after 1 h complete ischemia. I. Physiological and morphological observations. Brain Res 1974; 81: 59-74 24 Kleihues P, Hossmann KA, Pegg AE et al. Resuscitation of the monkey brain after one hour complete ischemia. III. Indications of metabolic recovery. Brain Res 1975; 95: 61-73 25 Zimmermann V, Hossmann KA. Resuscitation of the monkey brain after one hourʼs complete ischemia. II. Brain water and electrolytes. Brain Res 1975; 85: 1-11 26 Hossmann KA, Schmidt-Kastner R, Grosse Ophoff B. Recovery of integrative central nervous function after one hour global cerebro-circulatory arrest in normothermic cat. J Neurol Sci 1987; 77: 305-320 27 Hossmann KA, Fischer M, Bockhorst K et al. NMR imaging of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for the evaluation of metabolic suppression and recovery after prolonged cerebral ischemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1994; 14: 723-731 28 Safar P, Xiao F, Radovsky A et al. Improved cerebral resuscitation from cardiac arrest in dogs with mild hypothermia plus blood flow promotion. Stroke 1996; 27: 105-113 29 Sterz F, Zeiner A, Kurkciyan I et al. Mild resuscitative hypothermia and outcome after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 1996; 8: 88-96 30 Safar PJ, Kochanek PM. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 612-613 31 Hossmann KA. Reperfusion of the brain after global ischemia: hemodynamic disturbances. Shock 1997; 8: 95-101 discussion 102–103 32 Hossmann KA. The hypoxic brain. Insights from ischemia research. Adv Exp Med Biol 1999; 474: 155-169 33 Fischer M, Hossmann KA. No-reflow after cardiac arrest. Intensive Care Med 1995; 21: 132-141 34 Fischer M, Hossmann KA. Volume expansion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation reduces cerebral no-reflow. Resuscitation 1996; 32: 227-240 35 Fischer M, Böttiger BW, Popov-Cenic S et al. Thrombolysis using plasminogen activator and heparin reduces cerebral no-reflow after resuscitation from cardiac arrest: an experimental study in the cat. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22: 1214-1223 36 Jarnum H, Knutsson L, Rundgren M et al. Diffusion and perfusion MRI of the brain in comatose patients treated with mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest: A prospective observational study. Resuscitation 2009; 80: 425-430 37 Liachenko S, Tang P, Hamilton RL et al. Regional dependence of cerebral reperfusion after circulatory arrest in rats. J Cerebral Blood Flow Metab 2001; 21: 1320-1329 38 Xu Y, Liachenko S, Tang P. Dependence of early cerebral reperfusion and long-term outcome on resuscitation efficiency after cardiac arrest in rats. Stroke 2002; 33: 837-843 39 Krep H, Bottiger BW, Bock C et al. Time course of circulatory and metabolic recovery of cat brain after cardiac arrest assessed by perfusion- and diffusion-weighted imaging and MR-spectroscopy. Resuscitation 2003; 58: 337-348 40 Buunk G, van der Hoeven JG, Frolich M et al. Cerebral vasoconstriction in comatose patients resuscitated from a cardiac arrest?. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22: 1191-1196 41 Buunk G, van der Hoeven JG, Meinders AE. Cerebrovascular reactivity in comatose patients resuscitated from a cardiac arrest. Stroke 1997; 28: 1569-1573 42 Iida K, Satoh H, Arita K et al. Delayed hyperemia causing intracranial hypertension after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Crit Care Med 1997; 25: 971-976 43 Morimoto Y, Kemmotsu O, Kitami K et al. Acute brain swelling after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: pathogenesis and outcome. Crit Care Med 1993; 21: 104-110 44 Sakabe T, Tateishi A, Miyauchi Y et al. Intracranial pressure following cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Intensive Care Med 1987; 13: 256-259 45 Hossmann KA. [Neuronal apoptosis. A new means of treatment for cerebral ischemia?]. Anaesthesist 2001; 50: 903-904 46 Safar P, Behringer W, Böttiger BW et al. Cerebral resuscitation potentials for cardiac arrest. Crit Care Med 2002; 30 (Suppl) S140-S144 47 Vaagenes P, Ginsberg M, Ebmeyer U et al. Cerebral resuscitation from cardiac arrest: pathophysiologic mechanisms. Crit Care Med 1996; 24 (Suppl) S57-S68 48 Neumar RW, Otto CW, Link MS et al. Part 8: adult advanced cardiovascular life support: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation 2010; 122 (Suppl. 03) S729-S767 49 Horn M, Schlote W. Delayed neuronal death and delayed neuronal recovery in the human brain following global ischemia. Acta Neuropathol 1992; 85: 79-87 50 Chang WT, Ma MH, Chien KL et al. Postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction: correlated factors and prognostic implications. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33: 88-95 51 Baumgarten G, Knuefermann P, Schuhmacher G et al. Toll-Like Receptor 4, Nitric Oxide, and Myocardial Depression in Endotoxemia. Shock 2006; 25: 43-49 52 Böttiger BW, Arntz HR, Chamberlain DA et al. Thrombolysis during resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 2651-2662 53 Chelly J, Mongardon N, Dumas F et al. Benefit of an early and systematic imaging procedure after cardiac arrest: insights from the PROCAT (Parisian Region Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest) registry. Resuscitation 2012; 83: 1444-1450 54 Grasner JT, Meybohm P, Caliebe A et al. Postresuscitation care with mild therapeutic hypothermia and coronary intervention after out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a prospective registry analysis. Crit Care 2011; 15: R61 55 Tomte O, Andersen GO, Jacobsen D et al. Strong and weak aspects of an established post-resuscitation treatment protocol-A five-year observational study. Resuscitation 2011; 82: 1186-1193 56 Koudouna E, Xanthos T, Bassiakou E et al. Levosimendan improves the initial outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a swine model of cardiac arrest. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007; 51: 1123-1129 57 Cammarata GA, Weil MH, Sun S et al. Levosimendan improves cardiopulmonary resuscitation and survival by K (ATP) channel activation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 1083-1085 58 Gaieski DF, Band RA, Abella BS et al. Early goal-directed hemodynamic optimization combined with therapeutic hypothermia in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2009; 80: 418-424 59 Tennyson H, Kern KB, Hilwig RW et al. Treatment of post resuscitation myocardial dysfunction: aortic counterpulsation versus dobutamine. Resuscitation 2002; 54: 69-75 60 Sanborn TA, Sleeper LA, Bates ER et al. Impact of thrombolysis, intra-aortic balloon pump counterpulsation, and their combination in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: a report from the SHOCK Trial Registry. Should we emergently revascularize Occluded Coronaries for cardiogenic shocK?. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36 (Suppl A) 1123-1129 61 Yu HY, Yeh HL, Wang SS et al. Ultra long cardiopulmonary resuscitation with intact cerebral performance for an asystolic patient with acute myocarditis. Resuscitation 2007; 73: 307-308 62 Kim H, Lim SH, Hong J et al. Efficacy of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in acute myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock. Resuscitation 2012; 83: 971-975 63 Huang SC, Wu ET, Wang CC et al. Eleven years of experience with extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for paediatric patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2012; 83: 710-714 64 Arlt M, Philipp A, Voelkel S et al. Out-of-hospital extracorporeal life support for cardiac arrest-A case report. Resuscitation 2011; 82: 1243-1245 65 Chiu CC, Chiu CW, Chen YC et al. Cardiac arrest with refractory ventricular fibrillation: a successful resuscitation using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Am J Emerg Med 2013; 31: 264.e1-264.e2 66 Lebreton G, Pozzi M, Luyt CE et al. Out-of-hospital extra-corporeal life support implantation during refractory cardiac arrest in a half-marathon runner. Resuscitation 2011; 82: 1239-1242 67 Thiele H, Zeymer U, Neumann FJ et al. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (IABP-SHOCK II): final 12 month results of a randomised, open-label trial. Lancet 2013; 382: 1638-1645 68 Böttiger BW, Motsch J, Bohrer H et al. Activation of blood coagulation after cardiac arrest is not balanced adequately by activation of endogenous fibrinolysis. Circulation 1995; 92: 2572-2578 69 Adrie C, Adib-Conquy M, Laurent I et al. Successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation after cardiac arrest as a “sepsis-like” syndrome. Circulation 2002; 106: 562-568 70 Adrie C, Laurent I, Monchi M et al. Postresuscitation disease after cardiac arrest: a sepsis-like syndrome?. Curr Opin Crit Care 2004; 10: 208-212 71 Donadello K, Favory R, Salgado-Ribeiro D et al. Sublingual and muscular microcirculatory alterations after cardiac arrest: a pilot study. Resuscitation 2011; 82: 690-695 72 Laurent I, Adrie C, Vinsonneau C et al. High-volume hemofiltration after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a randomized study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 432-437 73 Wang HE, Szydlo D, Stouffer JA et al. Endotracheal intubation versus supraglottic airway insertion in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2012; 83: 1061-1066 74 Rivers EP. Early goal-directed therapy in severe sepsis and septic shock: converting science to reality. Chest 2006; 129: 217-218 75 Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1368-1377 76 Kim F, Nichol G, Maynard C et al. Effect of prehospital induction of mild hypothermia on survival and neurological status among adults with cardiac arrest: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2014; 311: 45-52 77 Sunde K, Pytte M, Jacobsen D et al. Implementation of a standardised treatment protocol for post resuscitation care after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 2007; 73: 29-39 78 Werling M, Thoren AB, Axelsson C et al. Treatment and outcome in post-resuscitation care after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest when a modern therapeutic approach was introduced. Resuscitation 2007; 73: 40-45 79 Nolan JP, Soar J. Post resuscitation care-time for a care bundle?. Resuscitation 2008; 76: 161-162 80 Wnent J, Seewald S, Heringlake M et al. Choice of hospital after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – a decision with far-reaching consequences: a study in a large German city. Crit Care 2012; 16: R164